- 期刊
天主教傳教士雷鳴遠對民國政治的觀察與醫療福傳行動（1927-1940年）
The Observation of Catholic Missionary Vincent Lebbe on Republican Politics and His Medical Evangelization (1927-1940)
摘要
雷鳴遠（Vincent Lebbe, 1877-1940）本為比利時籍，入法國遣使會（Congregation of the Mission, Lazarist）有志於海外傳教活動，1901年被派遣到北京。在華傳教士因法國天主教保教權（Catholic Protectorate）而享有特權，在中國人眼中，天主教自此背負著列強帝國主義之工具的負面形象，雷鳴遠認為這就是天主教無法在中國傳開之主要原因，因此他主張要將中國教會交由國籍教士主導，以愛國行動證明愛國與愛教不相違背。他的主張並不獲大多數傳教士的支持，而遭其修會召回法國。在1920至27年留歐期間，除了幫助中國留學生和創辦宿舍與報刊進行智識傳教之外，他還心繫中國局勢發展。雷鳴遠自1927年3月從歐洲回到中國後，所面對的是中國國內政治紛亂：軍閥互相爭戰、政權分裂、國共內戰和中日戰爭。本研究以雷鳴遠對當時主要政治人物，如蔣中正、馮玉祥、汪精衛等人，和黨派（國民黨左右兩派和共產黨）的觀察與批判做為出發點，再分析他支持特定政黨－國民黨右派陣營－的原因。此原因的探究使吾人了解為何他積極組織前線醫療服務團，加入協助以蔣為首的國民黨軍隊之原因。本研究的目的有二，一是解析雷鳴遠對民國政治之看法了解他對民國政治的願景。二是他將愛國的主張付諸行動，言行如一，他的行動對民國政治發展、重要政治軍事人物的影響；同時，也探討對中國天主教會之影響。
並列摘要
Vincent Lebbe (1877-1940), a Belgian missionary, entered the French Congregation of the Mission (the Lazarist) with a strong will of being dispatched to an overseas mission. His superior sent him to the Beijing Mission in 1901. The problem he encountered then was that the missionaries in China enjoyed prerogatives from the French Catholic Protectorate; this fact gave an impression that the Catholic faith served as an instrument of the Western colonial powers in the eyes of the Chinese people. For Vincent Lebbe, this negative image impeded the propagation of Catholicism in the country. Consequently, he advocated the transfer of the direction of the Chinese Catholic Missions from the missionaries' hands to the native clergy. He claimed perfect compatibility between patriotism and fidelity to the Catholic faith. His claim did not receive much echo from most of the missionaries in China. He was called back to France by his mother congregation. During the period 1920-1927 of his journey in Europe, he helped many Chinese students in their studies, founded some dormitories for students, and created a bulletin journal to promote intellectual evangelization. Besides all these works, he paid much attention to the political evolution in China. After his return to China in March 1927, he witnessed enormous turmoil: wars between warlords, a split of the political regime, the civil war between KMT and communist troops, and the Sino-Japanese war. Our study concerns his observations upon some principle political figures, for instance, Chiang Kai-shek, Feng Yu-Xiang and Wang Jing-Wei... etc, as well as different political parties/camps (the right and left wings of KMT and communists). It allows us to understand the reason for his option on the right-wing of KMT and the engagement of his medical teams of volunteers on the battlefields following the military operations of the troops led by Chiang Kai-shek. This study pursues two objectives: 1. Analysis of Lebbe's vision on the politics in the republic regime. 2. Since he put his claims of patriotism into action, this study could bring some light to the influences of his action on many leading political and military figures, regardless of their political camps, as well as on the Chinese Catholic Church.