「經筋」與「經脈」分論的針刺治療

「經筋」與「經脈」各為中醫經絡系統的一部份，中醫針刺療法發展至現代，廣受全球肯定，為了清楚中醫針刺理論的多元細節，分辨「經筋」與「經脈」有其必要性，本研究以《黃帝內經》為中醫文獻研究主軸，輔以文字訓詁與史學研究法，分析「經筋」與「經脈」的不同，在《黃帝內經》中的原文表現方面，兩者的循行分佈、病變症狀與治療方法都有明顯差異與特色，從「經筋」與「經脈」不同的病因病機也可看出現代中醫強項針刺療法是在經筋領域、經筋病主為風寒濕邪侵入導致筋結的「痹」病、經脈病則為外邪或內傷擾動氣血導致的「是動病」與「所生病」，兩者關係密切相互影響，並且有不同的針刺治療思路與技藝。

關鍵字

經筋；經脈；經絡系統；針灸；黃帝內經

並列摘要

"Jingjin" and "Jingmai" are both components of the Jingluo system in Traditional Chinese medicine. With the development of traditional Chinese acupuncture techniques into the modern era and their global recognition, it has been necessary to distinguish between "Jingjin" and "Jingmai" to clarify the diverse details of traditional Chinese acupuncture theory. This study primarily focuses on Huangdi Neijing as the core text for traditional Chinese medical literature research, supplemented by methods of linguistic interpretation and historical research. Its objective is to analyze the distinctions between "Jingjin" and "Jingmai". In the original text of Huangdi Neijing, there are distinctive and contrasting features in terms of their patterns of distribution, pathological symptoms, and treatment methods. From the differences in etiology and pathogenesis between "Jingjin" and "Jingmai", it can be observed that the main treatments of modern traditional Chinese acupuncture lies in the field of "Jingjin". Jingjin diseases, commonly referred to as "Bi" diseases, primarily result from the invasion of pathogenic factors such as wind, cold, and dampness, leading to the constriction of "Jin". In contrast, "Jingmai" diseases are caused by external or internal disturbances that affect the flow of qi and blood, resulting in conditions known as "Shi Dong Bing" and "Suo Sheng Bing". These two aspects, "Jingjin" and "Jingmai", are closely interconnected and mutually influential, each having its own acupuncture treatment approaches and techniques.