- 期刊
航空生理訓練介紹－空間迷向訓練
Spatial Disorientation Training in ROC Air Force
摘要
飛行員在飛行中產生定向訊息錯誤或狀態失察，將可能發生空間迷向，使飛行員根據錯誤感官訊息操控飛機，導致飛安事件發生。本文介紹國軍由中山科學研究院和國軍航空生理訓練中心共同設計、組裝置完成空間迷向訓練系統，以六軸動向及±360°旋轉之動感平台配合數位飛行視效場景，可依據授課教官設定，動態模擬飛行中十多種飛行錯覺與空間迷向場景。國軍飛行人員空間迷向訓練包括旋翼機訓練、定翼機訓練及示範課目三種類型，學科內容包括人體定向感覺系統構造及生理限制介紹、空間迷向成因、空間迷向分類、空間迷向之防範與克服及案例分析等。針對飛行人員施行空間迷向之教育訓練，其主要目的在於闡明各種飛行錯覺發生的時機和生理機轉，加強狀態警覺訓練並學習克服空間迷向的方法，以減少空間迷向肇致飛安事故的發生。
並列摘要
In aviation, spatial disorientation refers to the inability of a pilot to correctly interpret aircraft attitude, altitude or airspeed, in relation to the Earth or point of reference. Poor weather conditions, lack of experience, visual as well as vestibular illusions contribute to the development of spatial disorientation in air. Spatial disorientation may jeopardize flight safety. The current article first reviews the incidence and detrimental effects of spatial disorientation. Then spatial disorientation training in ROC was then introduced. Currently, a DISO trainer, jointly designed and developed by the Aerospace Physiology Research Laboratory and the Chung-Shan Institute of Science and Technology was used for spatial disorientation training. The cabin of the spatial disorientation trainer is configurable for the cockpit of F-5E and F-16 fighter aircraft and generic helicopters, with a total of 45 training courses in active and passive mode. This device incorporates a 6 degree of freedom (pitch, roll, yaw, heave, surge, and sway) electric pneumatic motion platform with a 360° rotational axis capable of generating adequate linear and rotatory motion cues to simulate possible flight environments and disorienting visuovestibular conditions. In the future, flight with night vision goggle and under acceleration forces should be incorporated into spatial disorientation training program.