保護主義與臺灣油輪航運業的發展

The Protectionism and the Development of Tanker Industry in Taiwan

林志龍(Chih-Lung Lin)

《成大歷史學報》 45期 (2013/12) Pp. 177-208

摘要

本論文以油輪經營為焦點，討論中華民國政府的原油進口政策與船東的關係。原初臺灣缺乏大型油輪，仰賴外國船隻進口原油。確保戰略資源的進口使得政府鼓勵自有油輪的出現，但是臺灣特殊的國際局勢不利於國輪的海外市場擴張，加上政府推動的航業保護主義，導致國際市場蕭條時期聯營船隻領受「停航補貼」。本文結論特殊的政商關係與政治考量阻礙了臺灣油輪市場的自主性，政府期望藉由自有船隻鞏固能源進口的政策，對臺灣的油輪產業有持續性的影響。

關鍵字

油輪 ； 石油 ； 航運 ； 交通史 ； 國際貿易

並列摘要

This paper focuses on tanker management, with the relationship between the shipowners and the Republic of China's oil import policy. Initially there were insufficient tankers in Taiwan but relied on foreign supplies. The Government encouraged national tankers for guaranteeing strategic resources import. However, the tankers of national-flagged were disadvantaged in international expansion, as well as the official shipping protectionism, which made tanker pools receive ”lay-up subsidies” during the slump period. This paper concludes that special business-government relationship and political purposes prevented the a development of autonomous tanker market in Taiwan. Long term effect upon the tanker industry in Taiwan followed the official policy, in which the state expected to increase national flag ships for securing the energy import.

並列關鍵字

Tanker ； Petroleum ； Shipping ； Transport history ； International trade

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