Anyphaena taiwanensis sp. nov. is newly added to the spider fauna of Taiwan, which is distributed in the high mountains beyond 2000 m in altitude. The body size of A. taiwanensis is smaller than that of A. wuyi Zhang, Zhu et Song, 2005, another species of Taiwan. Anyphaena taiwanensis most resembles A. pugil Karsch, 1879 but can be distinguished from the latter in female epigynum by having a wider anterior part of the middle furrow and a pair of rounded markings situated at the posterior part of epigynum, and in male by having the palpal femur spines arranged in a row and the bulb with a long and lamellar median apophysis. Both sexes of A. taiwanensis are described and illustrated in the present paper.