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傳抄古文「一」、「上」、「示」部疏證二十七則

A Study on Twenty-Seven Items with Radicals of "Yi", "Shang" and "Shi" from Transcription of Ancient Chinese Characters

摘要


本論文以徐在國編《傳抄古文字編》「一」、「上」、「示」部為範圍,從中選取「一」、「元」、「天」、「上」、「帝」、「禮」、「禧」、「祿」、「祥」、「祉」、「福」、「祐」、「祗」、「禔」14字,合計27組傳抄古文字形,針對這些古文構形演變相關問題進行深度考察。許多傳抄古文構形,乍看似乎難以理解,惟經細心考察,不難發現它們大多有理可循,有些是宋人在編纂古文字書時,將通假字、近義字誤釋為本字,有些則是古文在傳抄過程中,發生變形、訛誤、錯置等狀況,釐清這些表面亂象,當有助於正確認識傳抄古文的原貌及其學術價值。

並列摘要


This essay is based on characters with radicals of "yi" (一), "shang" (上) and "shi" (示) included in the Transcription of Ancient Chinese Words by Xu Zaiguo. It discusses in depth problems related to the transformations of fourteen characters: yi (一), yuan (元), tian (天), shang (上), di (帝), li (禮), xi (禧), lu (祿), xiang (祥), zhi (祉), fu (福), you (祐), zhi (祗) and ti (禔), which result in twenty-seven sets of transcribed ancient character forms. The transcribed ancient character forms can be difficult to understand at first glance. However, up close examination, we can find rules to interpret them. The problems are sometimes attributed to the original characters being mistaken for phonetic loan characters (tongjia zi) or synonyms by Song scholars when they compiled books of ancient characters. Sometimes they are caused by morphing, mistaking or misplacing of the characters during transcription. Identification of the causes of these problems can greatly enhance our understanding of the original forms of the transcribed ancient characters and their academic value.

參考文獻


[周]呂不韋 Lü Buwei 著,陳奇猷 Chen Qiyou 校釋:《呂氏春秋校釋》Lüshi chunqiu jiaoshi,上海 Shanghai:學林出版社 Xuelin chubanshe,1984 年。
[漢]許慎 Xu Shen:《說文解字》Shuowen jiezi,上海 Shanghai:商務印書館 Shangwu yinshuguan,1929 年。
[北周]郭忠恕 Guo Zhongshu 著,[清]鄭珍 Zheng Zhen、鄭知同 Zheng Zhitong 箋正:《汗簡箋正》Hanjian jianzheng,臺北 Taipei:藝文印書館 Yiwen yinshuguan,1991 年。
[宋]洪興祖 Hong Xingzu:《楚辭補注》Chuci buzhu,新北 New Taipei:漢京文化 Hanjing wenhua,1981 年。
[清]王昶 Wang Chang:《金石萃編》Jinshi cuibian,清嘉慶 10 年同治錢寶傳等補修本,1805 年,收入北京愛如生數字化技術研究中心 Beijing airusheng shuzihua jishu yanjiu zhongxin:《中國基本古籍庫》Zhongguo jiben gujiku,合肥 Hefei:黃山書社 Huangshan shushe,2008 年。

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