豐收何以成災－從洪深《香稻米》論左翼劇作革命的實踐

就中國現代戲劇而言，三十年代是中國話劇漸臻成熟的時期，此時的話劇不論是劇本創作或戲劇理論的相關論著都有了顯著的成就。一九三○年三月二日，中國左翼作家聯盟在上海成立，從「劇聯」成立起，當時戲劇運動就和無產階級革命運動相結合，戲劇成為無產階級事業的一部份，成為共產黨的工作的一個組成部份。洪深身為左翼作家聯盟的主要成員，其創作的《農村三部曲》，展現了三○年代江南農村的生活形態及困境，在當時不僅受到讀者、觀眾的關注，評論者也普遍給予肯定的評價。這三部曲的創作年代，正是洪深積極投身於左翼劇作革命的時期，本文透過對三部曲之一－《香稻米》劇作內容的討論，標誌出《香稻米》一劇雖稱得上是當時「現實主義」的力作，但在「左派」的意識形態下，「宣揚教化」的主題和濃厚的批判意味，使得《香稻米》成為當時「擬寫實主義」劇作中的代表作之一，也成為左翼劇作家聯盟實施「農村革命演劇運動」的寫作範本。

關鍵字

洪深；香稻米；農村三部曲；農村革命演劇運動；現實主義

並列摘要

In terms of modem dramas in China, 1930s was a period that Chinese modem drama grew mature. The period was a milestone of theories and compositions of Chinese modem drama. In March 2, 1930, League of Chinese left-wing writers established in Shanghai. From the beginning of foundation, campaign of Chinese modem drama combined with proletarian revolution in China. Chinese modem drama became a vital part of Communist Party of China for communist revolution campaign. As one of the main members of League of Chinese left-wing writers, his work, Trilogy of the Countryside interpreting the life style and the harsh situation in Jiangnan countryside in 1930s was popular and laudable not only to citizens, but most of critics. Hong Shen was actively involving in revolution of the Left dramatic works when he composed Trilogy of the Countryside. In the article, one of the trilogy, Fragrant Rice, will be discussed. Although Fragrant Rice was one of the best dramatic work of realism, it was representing political propaganda purpose that was influenced by the Left ideology against imperialism. The feature made Fragrant Rice as one of the best drama of pseudo-realism and the epitome of League of Chinese left-wing writers provoked theatrical activities of rural revolution.