日本鐮倉幕府的佛教政策與鐮倉新佛教

Japanese Kamakura Shogunate Buddhism Policy and Kamakura New Buddhism

王金林(Jin-Lin Wang)

《人文與社會學報》 2卷10期 (2012/06) Pp. 1-34

https://doi.org/10.30165/JHSS.201206.0001

摘要

由於日本平安時代佛教的貴族化，貴族的腐敗之風帶入寺院，引起了佛教僧侶和信徒的反思，探索佛教新的振興之途，鐮倉新佛教就在這反思中誕生。鐮倉新佛教的誕生和發展，實際上與鐮倉幕府的佛教政策密切相關。鐮倉新佛教各宗主張不同，信徒的階級基礎不同，受到幕府的政治待遇也不同，有的得到扶植，得到發展;有的受到冷遇或抑制。由於鐮倉新佛教產生於日本歷史轉折期，所以各宗學說存在著獨創性和傳播的廣泛性。但由於時代的局限，她們的學說存在著新舊思想矛盾的烙印。

關鍵字

日本鐮倉幕府 ； 佛教政策 ； 鐮倉新佛教

並列摘要

Buddhist aristocratism had begun to spread during Heian era in Japan. The aristocratic corruption into the temples had brought deep reflection from the monks and their followers. While they were exploring new ways to uplift Buddhism, a new Buddhism named Kamakura was born. Actually, the birth and development of this new Buddhism was greatly associated with the policy from Kamakura shogunate. Due to different views from the branches of the new Kamakura Buddhism, and the foundations of disciples' ranks were various; therefore, the factional political treatments from Kamakura were different as well. Some were supported and gained good development. Others got suppression or ill treatment. The new Buddhism Kamakura was born during the period of transition in Japan history, therefore, each faction existed its uniqueness and the doctrines were spread widely. Owing to the limitation at that era, their various doctrines existed and showed contradiction between the old and new beliefs.

並列關鍵字

Japanese Kamakura shogunate ； Buddhism Policy ； Kamakura New Buddhism

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