- 期刊
- OpenAccess
「立委評鑑」對立委立法行為的影響－一個探索性的研究
The Effect of ＂Legislator-evaluation＂ on Legislative Behaviors: An Exploratory Analysis
摘要
本文旨在探討立委評鑑是否對立委的立法行為產生影響？如果立委評鑑對立委有重要性的話，立委如何面對選區服務與立法問政之間取捨的兩難？本研究結合問卷調查以及深度訪談發現：多數立委關心評鑑卻也感到不公正；區域立委、民進黨立委與重視立法問政的立委較關心立委評鑑；民進黨立委卻比國民黨立委要覺得立委評鑑較為公正。由於多數立委關心評鑑，他們以做業績方式提高立法表現，他們不僅提出許多小幅修正案充數，簽署立委同僚的提案列為共同提案人提高評鑑成績。不僅如此，有些立委在受到立委評鑑成績優劣的刺激後改變其立法行為。本文也證實了立委評鑑對於立委的立法行為是有影響力的。立委個人形象以及連任考量是影響立委關心評鑑的主因，因為選舉時可以加以宣傳政績。不過，選區服務對立委而言相當重要，尤其單一選區使得立委有更高動機做更多的選區服務。長期來看，立委評鑑對立委的重要性將趨弱，後續效應值得學界研究。
並列摘要
This essay probes into whether the ＂legislator-evaluation＂ affected the legislators' legislative behaviors? If it does matter to the legislators, then an interest questions is how they face the dilemma between the ＂legislator-evaluation＂ and ＂constituency service＂? This research combined the methods of in-depth interview and survey on legislators and their assistants, and found: (1) most legislators cared about the legislator-evaluation, but felt unfair; (2) the district legislators, the DPP legislators, those who emphasized on legislative affairs rather than constituency service cared more about the legislator-evaluation; but the DPP legislator felt the evaluation fair more than the KMT. Because most legislators cared about the legislator-evaluation, they introduced many small-scale bills, and signed other's bills as co-sponsors to increase their numbers of bills to elevate their achievement of evaluation. Moreover, some legislators changed their legislative behavior following the result of evaluation. This research affirmed that legislator-evaluation has more or less influence on legislators' legislative behaviors. The image and reelection were the main causes why they concerned the legislator-evaluation. If they receive the positive evaluation, they can broadcast their achievement to their electorate. It seems that the legislators become more earnest in law-making due to the legislator-evaluation. Unfortunately, in the long run, the legislators will concern more with the constituency service, but less with the legislator-evaluation because constituency service was quite important to the legislators. The single-seat electoral system after 2008 makes them motivated in doing more constituency service. It is worthy of conducting follow-up studies in the future.