- 期刊
- OpenAccess
民主創新與公共價值創造的實踐－以臺灣都會區參與式預算為例
The Practice of Democratic Innovation and Public Value Creation: The Case of Participatory Budgeting in Five Municipalities in Taiwan
摘要
臺灣自2014年的縣市首長選舉後，有許多都會首長紛紛採納參與式預算（participatory budgeting, PB）來回應選民，這種都市治理的創新模式，於2015年陸續在各地方擴散開來相繼舉辦，蔚為風潮。這種新型態的公民參與主要發生在公民與行政官僚互動介面上，不僅帶來治理結構的改變，更創造了治理的正當性，達到民主的結果。然而，理論與實務上的運作常常有段落差，因為並非所有的公民參與過程都是平等的。也就是說公民參與的品質往往需要良善的規劃，在過程中運用技巧和程序的設計以達成治理的目標，因此，如何運用創新的參與機制達到民主的結果，在過程中創造何種公共價值是相當重要的議題。本文聚焦在行政機關和議會為主所啟動的參與式預算，藉此深入剖析五大都會區包括臺北、新北、桃園、臺中以及高雄舉辦的過程，透過次級資料分析、參與觀察，及深度訪談等方式，了解PB這種參與機制如何在臺灣的脈絡下被採用，設計和執行過程，並且進一步分析涵容性、透明、參與的效能和正當性等公共價值如何在參與式預算的過程中被創造，持續推動和擴散，希冀回饋公共價值以及公民參與等領域的理論，並對於治理實務有所貢獻。
並列摘要
Participatory budgeting (PB) has recently garnered considerable attention in Taiwan since the election of county and city mayors in the country in 2014. This new initiative of democratic governance has been implemented in most municipalities and local communities across Taiwan. This new type of citizen participation mainly occurs in the interface between citizens and bureaucrats. It not only brings about changes in the governance structure but also creates the legitimacy of governance and achieves the goals of democracy. However, theoretical and practical operations often appear as differences because not all citizen involvement processes are equal. The quality of citizen participation frequently requires good planning, using techniques and procedures in the process to achieve governance goals. Therefore, how to use innovative participation mechanisms to achieve democratic results and what kind of public value to create in the process are major issues. Focusing on the PB initiated by municipal governments and congressmen including in Taipei, New Taipei, Taoyuan, Taichung, and Kaohsiung, this paper examines the PB implementation processes in the five major metropolitan areas. Based upon several data sources, including personal involvement of PB programs, field trips and in-depth interviews, the aims of this paper are to discover how the PB is adopted and its design and implementation process in the local context. This study further analyzes how public values, such as inclusiveness, transparency, effectiveness of participation, and legitimacy, are created in the process of PB, and continue to promote and diffuse. As such, this paper will elucidate the contributing factors that can foster public value creation and citizen involvement. On the basis of this research, practical implications and recommendations will be provided.