- 期刊
- OpenAccess
民主倒退或前行？疫情與人工智慧之衝擊
Backsliding or Step Forward? The Impact of the Pandemic and Artificial Intelligence
摘要
全世界歷經長達三年多波譎雲詭的新冠疫情生活，人們從起初的驚慌失措、戰戰兢兢到習以為常，而現在已撥雲見日，各行各業回歸正軌。在抗疫期間，由於各國政府採行許多疫情控制的政策，出現諸多批評，例如有論者認為疫情加速全球的民主倒退，或是威權領導人藉機鞏固權力等。而時至今日，若回顧這些批判，人們是否有更多不同的想法？本文探討Backsliding: Democratic Regress in the Contemporary World和Democratic Vulnerability and Autocratic Meddling: The “Thucydidean Brink” in Regressive Geopolitical Competition兩本疫情期間之著作，且兩者對於新冠疫情期間之民主變化皆有所著墨。前者主要探討「民主倒退」（Backsliding）的關鍵特徵，以及釐清「民主倒退」之定義及根源；後者則透過「修昔底德邊緣」之概念及數位領域發展分析其對於民主倒退之影響。本文將說明當前民主政治之變化及後疫情時代和人工智慧對於這些變化之意涵，並透過文獻回顧分析其理論限制，以及回顧臺灣當前的情況，思考「民主倒退」是否正在發生。
並列摘要
The world has experienced more than three years of turbulent life in the COVID-19 epidemic. People have become accustomed to it from panic and trembling at the beginning, but now all walks of life are back on track. Due to the many policies adopted by governments to control the epidemic during the anti-epidemic period, there have been many criticisms. For example, some arguments believe that the epidemic has accelerated the regression of democracy worldwide or that authoritarian leaders have taken the opportunity to consolidate power. Nowadays, would we think differently if we look back at these criticisms? This article reviews Backsliding: Democratic Regress in the Contemporary World and Democratic Vulnerability and Autocratic Meddling: The "Thucydidean Brink" in Regressive Geopolitical Competition, two books written during the pandemic, both of which have written about democratic changes during the COVID-19 pandemic. The former mainly discusses the key features of "Backsliding" and clarifies the definition and root causes of "Backsliding"; the latter analyzes its impact on the regression of democracy through the concept of "Thucydides' edge" and the development of the digital field. This article will explain the changes in democratic politics and the implications of these changes in the post-epidemic era and the booming development of artificial intelligence, analyze its theoretical limitations through a literature review, and review the current situation in Taiwan to consider whether "democratic regression" is taking place.