歴史小説としての張文環『地に這うもの』―二つの歴史的事件に遭った台湾人の表象―

目前在台灣的後殖民地研究，發展蓬勃。不僅學術論文陸續爭相發表而已，以殖民地為背景書寫而發表的歷史小說更是無以計數。張文環《滾地郎》亦為其一。然而雖獲得不錯的評價卻乏相關研究。鑑此，本論文以歷史小說的觀點來閱讀《滾地郎》，首先以作品中人物像以及時代輪廓來掌握作品的結構。繼之從捕捉到的日本殖民地時期的台灣民眾的生活態度，來探析其表徵。研究結果顯示《滾地郎》中的表徵，與兩大歷史事件相關。一為將日本殖民地帝國主義統治下生活的小說主角啟敏、秀英夫婦的辛苦奮門，化為烏有第二次世界大戰。二為張文環執意開始寫作《滾地郎》時，面臨到台灣與日本斷交。由於此歷史事件，直接影響到台日交流的萎縮，同時台灣在國際舞台上日漸銷聲匿跡。目睹此真實的兩大歷史事件的張文環，透過當時的台灣社會以及風土民情的描寫，勾勒出「超越異民族的友誼」。希望藉此保留下不因中日斷交而消滅的日據時代台灣風貌，而薪火相傳給日本讀者與新時代的的人們。在歷史的無情洪流中，小如粟粒的人類只能在自己能力所及，秉持著「活在當下」的信念，勇敢面對生命的這件事實。張文環將兩個歷史事件縱橫勾勒於歷史小說《滾地郎》理，藉著閱讀，透漏出雖然人們枉費努力徒勞無功地相繼仆倒於無情歷史之前卻仍勇敢地存活下去的事實。其勇氣正透過閱讀《滾地郎》文本，而廣留後世。

關鍵字

張文環；《滾地郎》；歷史小說；台灣；作品結構

並列摘要

Now a day, in Taiwan, the Taiwan colonial-days literary researches are booms under the influence of post colonialism. In it, Zhang Wen-Huau's ”Chini haumono” had being seldom discussed by the point of work study. At first, this paper mainly observes the character of people and time image which are drawn on the work as a historical novel. Moreover, this paper catches the structure of the work and studies the representation of the people of Taiwan in Japanese colonial days. As a result, this paper can understand that two big historical events are concerned with the work in this research. One of the incidents is World War II. Another incident is rupture wit h Japan and Taiwan by the advance into the international scene of the China continent. Zhang Wen-Huan has gazed at these two historical incidents. And he has drawn the friendship which exceeded the different races in the work. And he has left new age's people the memories of the Japanese colonial days. Moreover, he has asserted raw the human being in the inside of a coldhearted motion of history. In the work, he receives a structure of no eternal history and is speaking to people in the courage which continues to be live.