並列摘要
Invasive fungal infections (IFIs) are increasingly resulting in severe morbidity and mortality in critically ill, hospitalized patients. The majority of these lifethreatening infections are caused by the well-known opportunistic pathogens- Candida albicans and Aspergillus fumigatus-but new opportunistic pathogens, including yeast-like and other filamentous fungi, have emerged as additional causative pathogens. Furthermore, the use of fluconazole prophylaxis against infection caused by Candida species has coincided with an increase in the incidence of invasive aspergillosis and infections caused by other filamentous fungi. This review highlights the epidemiologic changes and risk factors of IFIs and strategies for infection control. Knowledge regarding these issues is particularly important when developing therapeutic strategies and effective prophylaxis to improve the prognosis of immunosuppressed and immunocompromised patients.