- 期刊
- OpenAccess
指示詞空間語義的比較－以台語的tsin、hin為例
Comparing the Deixis of Taiwanese Demonstrative Pronoun-Tsin/hin
摘要
詞彙是人們生活中用來表情達意不可或缺的語言成份，其中又分有名詞、動詞、形容詞等等，而指示詞則是相當重要的關鍵，適當的使用指示詞可以明確的表達出物體所在處的遠近，甚至是能更進一步的表達出在空間內外的位置。經由台灣全島性田野調查，結果發現：僅有台灣本島的台南縣市、高雄縣市及屏東這三個地區擁有tsin/hin這組既能表達遠指、近指又同時具有空間內外的概念，其它地區的指示詞大部分皆以tsia/hia為主。進而探討tsin/hin形成的方式，發現合音是相當重要的方式，文中也列了幾種可能性，其中又以tsit+lin0=tsin；hit+lin0=hin這樣的方程式可能性最大。但這樣子的方程式，目前只通行在台灣南部的三個縣市，其它的地區若是要表達在空間內的概念，則是額外加入「lai-te」來表示。也因為選擇的方式不同，造成的語言變化自是不同而形成「地域特色詞」。因此，指示詞tsia/hia、tsin/hin便是本文最主要討論的兩組指示詞，文中分就其使用的語義場範圍大小、通行地區及形成的可能性分項討論，並繪出分佈圖。
並列摘要
In every language, vocabulary is an essential entity one can’t do without. It is used in our daily conversation. It is composed of vital elements such as nouns, pronouns, verbs, adjectives, prepositions. The correct usage of demonstrative pronoun specifically, deixis（指示詞） will make one understand what one meant. Demonstrative pronouns clarify further what you mean if you are talking about location of objects. In Taiwan, I have made ample researches in Tainan City and County, Kaohsiung City and County, Pingtung County, and people translate ＂here＂ and ＂there＂ as tsin/hin while in other counties, they use tsia/hia. In my research, I discovered that the origin of tsin/hin is important. Tsin/hin are only used in southern part of Taiwan. For the other parts of Taiwan, they use tsia/hia and then followed by 「lai-te」 instead of tsin/hin. Because of difference in choice of words, the combination tones（合音） of the words are also different. Therefore, in this paper, I will discuss the difference of these two groups tsia/hia and tsin/hin, their meaning, usage, and places where they are being used.