- 期刊
- OpenAccess
“其實”與「実は」的對應關係：以文脈展開功能為主
A Comparative Study of the Japanese ＂Jitsuwa＂ and the Chinese ＂Qishi＂ : focusing on the textual function
摘要
慣用中文的日語學習者經常會有過度使用副詞「実は」的現象，原因可能是受到中文的副詞“其實”等所影響。「実は」與“其實”兩者皆有接續詞的功能，因此本研究的目的在於藉由中日對照譯本來分析兩者在文脈展開功能上的相同與不同之處。分析的結果發現「実は」與“其實”在「客觀對比」以及「話題延續」的功能上有相似之處。然而，兩者在「客觀對比」上的差異在於「実は」較容易使用在顯性的對比關係上。另外「実は」受到本身字義的影響之下使用範圍有限；再者，「実は」必須伴隨逆接的接續助詞或接續詞，因此「実は」並不具有逆接接續詞的功能。此外在「話題延續」的功能上，依據前後文的關係，“其實”會使用在「資訊擴展」、「背景情況説明」、「資訊正確化」及「最終結論」四種情況，其中與「実は」有對應關係的是前兩種用法。本研究又提出「実は」本身的文脈展開功能，包括了「成立背景」、「追加資訊」、「未浮現的事實」及「相違背的事實」四種功能。其中，與“其實”有對應關係的只有「追加資訊」和「相違背的事實」兩種用法。另外對於指導慣用中文的學習者而言，也提出了以下應該注意的方向，包括和「実は」一起出現的接續助詞、接續詞、表示語氣的語法成分，以及相關前後文的展開模式。
並列摘要
Chinese-speaking learners of Japanese tend to overuse the adverb ＂Jitsuwa＂. This phenomenon may be caused by the negative interference of chinese adverb ＂Qishi＂. Both ＂Jitsuwa＂ and ＂Qishi＂ have conjunctive function, so this paper aims to analyze the difference and similarity of their textual function by Chinese-Japanese texts. As a result, ＂Jitsuwa＂ and ＂Qishi＂ are similar in objective contrast and theme continuity. However, the difference in objective contrast between them, ＂Jitsuwa＂ is easier to be used in the relationship of explicit contrast. In addition, ＂Jitsuwa＂ has the limitation of usage influenced by the original meaning; moreover, ＂Jitsuwa＂ must co-occur with adversative conjunctions and conjunctive auxiliaries; therefore, ＂Jitsuwa＂ isn’t the adversative conjunction. On the other hand, theme continuity function of ＂Qishi＂ also can be classified into 4 types by contexts including information expansion, background circumstances, accurate information, and conclusion; in particular, ＂Jitsuwa＂ and ＂Qishi＂ are correspondence in former two types. This study also noticed ＂Jitsuwa＂ has textual functions including background circumstances, information expansion, latent fact and opposite fact, especially information expansion and opposite fact found in ＂Qishi＂. At last, I indicated the main points in instruction for Chinese-speaking learners: teachers should instruct the conjunctions, conjunctive auxiliaries, and modality markers which co-occur with ＂Jitsuwa＂ and the textual patterns.