檢察官的起訴權限及其憲法規範－以報復性及歧視性起訴為核心－

刑事訴訟法就檢察官權限的行使，採法定原則，但是其仍享有相當廣泛的裁量權限。不只是立法者如此規範，從實證上的數據來看，也是如此。檢察官作為國家權力機關中之一部份，其權力行使上應遵循什麼樣的憲法界線，關鍵重要。美國法制上基於平等原則，禁止檢察官為歧視性起訴，又因著正當法律程序的要求，禁止檢察官為報復性起訴。我國憲法中同樣有著平等原則及正當法律程序的規定，檢察官起訴權限的行使也應有類似的規範。就此，美國法制的經驗、規範及判決，可供我國日後修法參考。

關鍵字

檢察官；起訴；裁量；歧視性起訴；報復性起訴；平等原則；正當法律程序

並列摘要

According to the Criminal Procedure Code, the legality principle governs the authority of public prosecutors. However, they still have board discretion. Not only the Criminal Procedure Code provides that, but also the statistic shows so. Therefore, what constitutional principle public prosecutors should comply with is essential. In the United States, the equality protection clause prohibits discriminatory prosecution while the due process of law forbids vindictive prosecution. Our Constitution also has the requirement of equal protection and due process of law, which should govern public prosecutors. The legal framework, provisions, and precedents could be those lessons for the revisions of the Criminal Procedure Code.

並列關鍵字

Public Prosecutors ； Prosecution ； Discretion ； Discriminatory Prosecution ； Vindictive Prosecution ； the Equal Protection Clause ； Due Process of Law