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Neither Fact nor Fiction: Endnotes, Mythorealism and Reading "Inner Truth" in Yan Lianke's Lenin's Kisses (Shouhuo)

摘要


This essay provides a new reading of Yan Lianke's 2004 novel Lenin's Kisses by focusing on its use of paratext, specifically the endnotes that make up the novel's "Further Reading" sections. Main text and endnote regularly feature alongside urban and rural, utopia and anti-utopia on the long list of oppositional pairings explored in the novel. In contrast, I argue that the notes undermine these pairings by pointing to the subjectivity of such categories. I show how Yan destabilizes the division between main text and endnote by allowing their function to overlap. The false division of text then maps onto the other oppositions in Lenin's Kisses, revealing difference as nothing more than a veneer. The notes allow Yan to critique practices of labeling and categorizing, becoming the aesthetic expression of his "mythorealist" (shenshizhuyi) genre. Lenin's Kisses is here read as an "interactive" text, full of commentary on the pervasive and destructive nature of social categories.

參考文獻


Schoenhals, Michael. Doing Things with Words in Chinese Politics: Five Studies. Center for Chinese Studies, Institute of East Asian Studies, U of California at Berkeley, 1992.
Sedlmeier, Florian. “The Paratext and Literary Narration: Authorship, Institutions, Historiographies.” Narrative, vol. 26, no. 1, 2017, pp. 63-80.
Song, Weijie. “Yan Lianke’s Mythorealist Representation of the Country and the City.” Modern Fiction Studies, vol. 62, no. 4, 2016, pp. 644-58.
Tao Dongfeng 陶東風. “Shouhuo: Dangdai zhongguo zhengzhi yuyan xiaoshuo de jiezuo.” 受活:當代中國政治寓言小說的傑作 (“Lenin’s Kisses: An Exemplary Example of the Contemporary Chinese Political Allegory Novel”). Dangdai zuojia pinglun 當代作家評論 (Contemporary Writers’ Review), vol. 5, 2013, pp. 31-45.
Walker, David. “‘The Viewer and the View’: Chance and Choice in Pale Fire.” Studies in American Fiction, vol. 4, no. 2, 1976, pp. 203-21.

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