- 期刊
Development of the Modal Function of the Verb tulema 'Come' in Written Estonian
ФOPMИPOBAHИE MOДAЛЬHOГO ЗHAЧEHИЯ ГЛAГOЛA tulema 'ПPИXOДИTЬ' B ЭCTOHCKOM ЛИTEPATУPHOM ЯЗЬIKE XVІІ-XX BEKOB
並列摘要
The central grammatical function of the verb tulema 'come' in Modern Estonian is to express the modality of obligation and necessity; a modal construction related to the verb tulema is one of the most essential means of expressing agent-oriented obligation. The article offers an overview how modal constructions of the verb tulema appeared and developed in Written Estonian in the 17(superscript th)-20(superscript th) centuries and presents suggestions about possible genesis of the construction. It is possible to formulate different hypotheses about the development of the modal usage of the verb tulema. One possible source of analogy could be detected in the influence of neighbouring Indo-European languages; however, for development of tulema construction there probably were not enough examples in the contact languages. One might think that the modal tulema-construction could have existed considerably earlier in the spoken language than in its written version. In case we still suppose that written language reflects the development of tulema-construction adequately, we could consider the modal olema-construction as a possible example.