- 期刊
從《人間詞話》論李煜“擔荷人類罪惡”之意涵
The Concept of Undertaking Mankind's Guilt from Lee Yi Based on the Viewpoint of Wang Guowei in His Thoughts of Ren Jien Ci Hua
摘要
王國維《人間詞話》云：「尼采謂：『一切文學，余愛以血書者。』後主之詞，真所謂以血書者也。宋道君皇帝＜燕山亭＞詞亦略似之。然道君不過自道身世之戚，後主則儼有釋迦基督擔荷人類罪惡之意，其大小固不同矣。」南唐後主李煜生性柔弱，多愁善感，加上戲劇性的人生際遇，無論是傳統文學批評將其作品分為前期或後期，都被染上憂鬱蒼茫、孤寂無依的傷感美學色彩，或者淡如輕煙，或者濃如雲霧，在在引領讀者進入淒美幽婉之意境，無怪乎有「男中李後主女中李易安是當行本色」之美譽。王國維《人間詞話》就西方「超人哲學」尼采之觀點論後主，以重彩刻畫後主詞之藝術審美形象，就尼采「上帝已死」之哲學角度為前提，如何能在此則後頭定義後主「則儼有釋迦基督擔荷人類罪惡之意」？一直是筆者閱讀《人間詞話》與後主文詞時在心中產生之矛盾情，藉由此題立論耙梳，思索王國維為後主定義之立場，為其聯繫立論觀點。
並列摘要
Wang Guowei's Ren Jien Ci Hua mentioned that ”F. W. Nietzsche once said, ”So life as literature begins with suffering, …＂ The text of poetry of Lee Yi has the same meaning. The emperor Daojun in the Song Dynasty described a similar philosophy in the Yianshanting. However, Lee Yi's undertaking of mankind's guilt has spread his empathy to the entire world, not like Daojun who only talked about his own misery. The level of tolerance towards mankind is different. The dramatic life of the emperor Lee Yi in the southern Tang Dynasty as well as his weak and sentimental personality could all be read in his poetry. His depressive, disconsolate, and lonely aesthetics are either thin as smoke or thick as cloud, and allow readers to experience his tragic and plaintive state. Undoubtedly the reputation of the ”great sentimental poet” was awarded to him. Nietzsche once wrote the phrase, ”God is dead”. He did not mean the death of a literal god, but the death of the shared cultural belief in a god. Wang Guowei criticized the artistic aesthetics in Lee Yi's poetry and the definition of undertaking mankind's guilt. The researcher found a contradictory relationship between Wang Guowei's Ren Jien Ci Hua and Lee Yi's undertaking of mankind's guilt. The study aims to discuss the viewpoint of Wang Guowei and define Lee Yi's concept.