新冠肺炎口罩風波：醫療資源分配倫理原則及挑戰

Shortage of Surgical Face Masks after Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Outbreak: The Ethical Principles and Challenges of Medical Resource Allocation

王培瑋(Pei-Wei Wang) ； 璩大成(Dachen Chu) ； 邱婷芳(Ting-Fang Chiu)

《北市醫學雜誌》 預刊文章 Pp. 1-12

https://doi.org/10.6200/TCMJ.202007/PP.0006

摘要

新型冠狀病毒肺炎（COVID-19）從2019年大陸爆發後，已經蔓延到全世界，因為新型冠狀病毒沒有特定的藥物可以治療，散播主要是經由飛沫進行傳染，能夠隔絕飛沫的外科口罩就成為最實用的防護工具。因此疫情爆發後出現搶購風波，造成供不應求。雖然平等對待是分配正義倫理原則中最基本的要求，實際上很難滿足所有人的要求，必須要以實質正義的原則來建立分配資源的優先次序。不同理論重視的價值和追求目標也不同，要如何融合或選擇適合的原則和方法，無論是臨床醫療人員或管理決策者都是很大的挑戰。本篇試圖探討如何公平分配醫療資源的倫理原則及可能面臨的問題。

關鍵字

分配 ； 配給 ； 分配正義 ； 稀有資源 ； 倫理原則

並列摘要

Coronavirus (COVID-19) disease has spread to the whole world rapidly since its outbreak in China in 2019. Because COVID-19 is mainly transmitted through droplets and still no specific drugs are effective for the disease, surgical face masks have become the most practical protective tools. Therefore, panic buys and a shortage of surgical face masks occurred after the outbreak. Although equity is the most fundamental requirement of the principle of distributive justice, in practice, it is difficult to meet the requirement of all people. Thus, the principle of substantial justice is used to establish the priority of resource distribution. Different theories emphasize different values and pursue different goals. How to integrate suitable principles and methods is a great challenge for either clinical health workers or policymakers. This article attempts to explore the ethical principles of fair distribution of medical resources and potential problems to confront.

並列關鍵字

allocation ； rationing ； distributive justice ； scarcity of resources ； ethical principles