肺炎鏈球菌疫苗的進展

The Progress of the Development of Pneumococcal Vaccine

羅于晴(Yu-Ching Lo) ； 柯澐蓁(Yun-Chen Ko) ； 余文瑞(Wen-Ruey Yu) ； 柯宏叡(Hung-Jui Ko)

《北市醫學雜誌》 預刊文章 Pp. 1-10

https://doi.org/10.6200/TCMJ.202406/PP.0014

摘要

隨著2019年起新冠疫情的流行，國人對於呼吸道相關疾病預防的重視也隨之提升。肺炎鏈球菌儘管屬於正常的人體菌叢，仍有機會在免疫力低下時造成嚴重的感染症，如何預防及肺炎鏈球菌疫苗的施打更顯重要。除了原本的23價和13價疫苗外，臺灣於2022年新引進15價肺炎鏈球菌疫苗，本文針對這幾種肺炎鏈球菌疫苗做探討，建議臺灣65歲以上或18-64歲高風險族群民眾先施打13價結合型疫苗。而經常出國洽公旅遊，尤其是歐美、日本、香港等地的民眾或許可考慮施打15價肺炎鏈球菌疫苗以獲得13價肺炎鏈球菌疫苗所缺乏的22F、33F血清型的保護力。

關鍵字

肺炎鏈球菌疫苗 ； 侵襲性肺炎鏈球菌感染症 ； 疫苗建議

並列摘要

Along with the outbreak of COVID-19 in 2019, people became more vigilant on preventing respiratory diseases. Although Streptococcus pneumoniae is a normal human flora, it may cause serious infection when immunity is compromised. Thus, prophylaxis and administration of pneumococcal vaccine became even more important. In addition to the original 23-valent and 13-valent vaccines, Taiwan introduced the 15-valent pneumococcal vaccine in 2022. This article discusses these types of pneumococcal vaccines and recommends Taiwanese aged over 65 or in high-risk group aged 18-64 to receive the 13-valent conjugate vaccine and then the 23-valent polysaccharide vaccine in the follow-up period. People who frequently travel abroad, especially in Europe, America, Japan, and Hong Kong, may consider receiving the 15-valent pneumococcal vaccine to obtain the protection of 22F and 33F serotypes that the 13-valent pneumococcal vaccine lacks.

並列關鍵字

pneumococcal vaccine ； invasive pneumococcal disease ； vaccine recommendation