讓鋼琴音樂欣賞通識課變得有趣－以舒曼與布拉姆斯的鋼琴名曲為例

現今大學音樂通識教育是全人教育的重要組成部分，它有助於培養學生的創造力、情感表達和審美能力，而音樂也是人類文化的一部分，透過學習不同時期和類型的音樂，能夠增強學生對多元文化的理解和尊重。以鋼琴音樂欣賞為主要內容的通識課程，藉由介紹音符背後所傳達的情愫與故事，輔以音樂史上知名經典鋼琴樂曲的探索與導聆，引領學生們沉浸於鋼琴音樂的美妙世界，讓鋼琴這個全世界學習人口最普及也曾吸引絕大多數作曲家為它譜寫多采多姿曲目的樂器之王，能輕鬆走入學生個人，乃至家庭、社會等各個層面，進而在生活中提升音樂欣賞的品味。當談到舒曼（Robert Schumann, 1810～1856）與布拉姆斯（Johannes Brahms, 1833～1897）的鋼琴名曲時，我們進入了浪漫主義（Romanticism）時期的核心，那是一個充滿情感深度和創新技巧的時代。舒曼的音樂充滿詩意，強調情感表達和內心世界的描繪，他的鋼琴樂曲常常結合夢幻般的旋律和複雜的節奏結構。附有標題的性格小曲（Character Pieces），更是將音樂與文學合而為一。布拉姆斯的作品以其結構嚴謹和深沉的感情表達而聞名，他的鋼琴音樂融合了古典傳統與情感豐富的浪漫主義。對於非音樂專科系所來修習音樂通識課的學子們，要如何以深入淺出的方式引領他們進入古典鋼琴音樂的美好世界，除了要以多元化的影音教材吸引他們的目光外，藉由加深理解聆聽作品時音樂的情感層次和結構設計，進而讓他們捕捉到作曲家通過旋律與和聲所傳達的細膩情感。舒曼和布拉姆斯的鋼琴作品有卓越的鋼琴技巧和深具影響力的情感表達，為浪漫樂派的經典代表，透過輕鬆有趣的音樂媒材，更能深刻地理解和體驗那個時代的藝術精神。

關鍵字

鋼琴；舒曼；布拉姆斯；浪漫主義；性格小曲

並列摘要

University music general education is an essential component of holistic education. It helps cultivate students' creativity, emotional expression, and aesthetic abilities. Music, being a part of human culture, enhances students' understanding and respect for diverse cultures through learning about music from different periods and genres. General education courses focusing on piano music appreciation, by introducing the emotions and stories behind the notes, accompanied by the exploration and guided listening of famous classical piano pieces in music history, immerse students in the wonderful world of piano music. The piano, the most widely learned instrument worldwide and one that has attracted the majority of composers to write varied and colorful pieces, can easily integrate into students' personal lives, as well as their families and society, thereby enhancing their taste in music appreciation in everyday life. When discussing the famous piano pieces of Robert Schumann (1810-1856) and Johannes Brahms (1833-1897), we enter the heart of the Romantic period, an era filled with emotional depth and innovative techniques. Schumann's music, brimming with poetry, emphasizes emotional expression and the depiction of the inner world. His piano compositions often combine dreamlike melodies with complex rhythmic structures. His Character Pieces, with their titles, merge music with literature. Brahms is known for his structurally rigorous and emotionally profound compositions. His piano music blends the classical tradition with the rich emotions of Romanticism. For non-music major students taking general music courses, the challenge is to introduce them to the beautiful world of classical piano music in a simple yet profound way. Besides using diverse audiovisual materials to attract their attention, deepening their understanding of the emotional layers and structural design in the music helps them grasp the delicate emotions conveyed by the composer through melody and harmony. The piano works of Schumann and Brahms, with their exceptional piano techniques and influential emotional expression, are classic representations of the Romantic school. Through engaging and fun musical media, students can more profoundly understand and experience the artistic spirit of that era.