透過您的圖書館登入
IP:52.14.244.195
  • 期刊
  • OpenAccess

從《說文解字約注》中的同源字窺測上古複輔音聲母

A Critical Study of the ancient Chinese Compound Initials with Reference to Cognates in the Suowen-jiezi-yuezhu

摘要


《說文解字約注》是已故華東師範大學張舜徽教授(1911-1992)唯一的語言學著作。本書最大的成就,在於以《說文》為基礎而擺脫了「據形繫聯」的限制,大規模地整理了漢字語源。同源字是考察、構擬上古音的重要資料。唐作藩先生在〈從同源詞窺測上古漢語的複輔音聲母〉一文中指出:《同源字典》中發音方法或發音部位差別較大的字群,在上古也可能屬複聲母;並以之為據,提出了多組關係近似而《同源字典》未收的同源字。在唐先生觀察問題方法的啟發下,筆者發現:《說文解字約注》在以同源字窺測上古複輔音聲母方面具有較高的參考價值。本文於《約注》中共發現24組可供討論的同源字群。這些字群聲母諧聲關係,只能用複聲母解釋。這些字群:有些是已經《約注》證成,可直接利用者;有些是雖經《約注》討論,但間有未當,仍需調整者;還有些是《約注》未證為同源,而本文據其線索證成者。本文在描述字群的聲母語音關係時,上古漢語語音主要參考李方桂先生的系統。複輔音聲母在上古漢語中消失得很早,從分期方面考慮,宜列入遠古漢語範疇。本文在遠古漢語方面,參考了何九盈先生的複聲母系統。

並列摘要


The ”Shuowen-jiezi Yuezhu” by Professor Zhang Shunhui analyses the etymology of the characters in the ”Shuowen-jiezi”. The book utilizes ”shuangsheng” as the sole principle to depict the phonological relation between characters. Many of its conclusions are plausible and can be adopted in the study of compound initials in ancient Chinese. This paper sets off to prove that the importance of the ”Yuezhu” in the field is no less than that of the ”Tongyuan Zidian” by Professor Wang Li and, it provides vivid examples to confirm the existence of compound initials.

延伸閱讀