- 期刊
利用溫度、濕度和風速建立新空氣汙染指標
Establish New Air Pollution Indicators Using Temperature, Humidity and Wind Speed
摘要
在臺灣，對於空氣品質與相關議題的重視逐年提升，主要因為相關領域研究的蓬勃發展與知識迅速地傳播，社會大眾逐漸意識到空氣中的汙染物會影響到人體的健康狀態，甚至是危害到其他生物，進而影響到社會經濟的發展，故對此議題有了更多的關心。環保署於2016年全面改以空氣品質指標（Air Quality Index, AQI）取代PSI （Pollutant Standards Index），整合懸浮微粒（PM_(10)）、二氧化硫（SO_2）、二氧化氮（NO_2）、一氧化碳（CO）及臭氧（O_3）以及細懸浮微粒（PM_(2.5)）等主要六種污染物質副指標值，採取當中最嚴重的一項副指標值作為AQI的數值。本研究參考林佐美等（2003）提出修正空氣品質指標RAQI（Revised Air Quality Index）的應用和探討，與李俊毅和丘依樞（1996）欲改善AQI僅以六種污染物質最嚴重的一項副指標值作為AQI數值的不足，以熵函數建構RAQI的概念，並且延續該修正指標進而考慮溫度、濕度、風速以及測站的地理資訊對AQI的影響，提出調整後的臺灣空氣品質指標。本研究利用模擬資料來探討AQI的統計性質與比較調整後的空氣品質指標和AQI、RAQI的表現。並實際以高雄市鳳山、前鎮以及美濃測站進行實例分析。結果顯示本研究所提出的調整後空氣品質指標更能區分出空氣品質的好壞，建議相關單位可以參考並做後續的延伸與應用。
並列摘要
In Taiwan, air quality and related issues has increased year by year, mainly because of the vigorous development of research in related fields and the rapid spread of knowledge. The public has gradually realized that the air pollutants will affect the health of the human body and even harm other organisms. Besides, it will affect social and economic development, so this topic has become more concerned. In 2016, the Environmental Protection Administration of Executive Yuan changed PSI (Pollutant Standards Index) to be Air Quality Index (AQI) in Taiwan. The value of AQI is to integrate the main six pollutants, aerosols (PM_(10)), sulphur dioxide (SO_2), nitrogen dioxide (NO_2), carbon monoxide (CO), ozone (O_3) and fine aerosols (PM_(2.5)) by selecting the most serious one. Li and Qiu (1996) constructed RAQI (Revised Air Quality Index) with the concept of entropy function to improve the insufficiency of AQI which only used the most serious index value of six pollutants. This study also refers to the application of RAQI proposed by Lin et al. (2003). We propose the adjusted air quality index and further to consider the influence of temperature, humidity, wind speed and geographic information of the air monitoring station on AQI. This study used simulation data to explore the statistical property of AQI and compare the adjusted air quality indicators and the performance of AQI and RAQI. The real data analysis was carried out in Fengshan, Qianzhen and Meinong air monitoring stations in Kaohsiung City. The results show that the adjusted air quality indicators proposed by this study can better distinguish the air quality. It is recommended that relevant units can refer to and carry out subsequent extension and application.