- 期刊
從海德格對科技思維的批判探討植物人安樂死之問題
An Inquiry into the Patients in Persistent Vegetative State from Martin Heidegger's View of Technology
摘要
植物人安樂死議題在醫療倫理上一直是備受爭議的，在科技掛帥的時代，對植物人生命的關懷存在著不同的思考。本文藉由海德格的生死哲學與科技思維探討植物人的生存處境以及在安樂死議題上的倫理面向。植物人安樂死的道德性首要思考的是維生設備的需要性，家屬作為植物人的代言人，繼續使用或終止治療考驗著家屬與植物人的共在關係。從人存在的本質，海德格認為與他人共在中本真的關懷才是尊重自主性的關懷，所以對植物人生前意願的尊重才是對植物人生命的實際關懷。面對生物科技的發展所帶來的倫理問題，人們需要的是對科技的泰然任之的思維，也就是擺脫科技對人類的掌控，如此個人生命在開放的場域中才得以自由。對植物人而言，家屬需要的是保持泰然任之的思維，那麼植物人才能在科技生命與自然生命中找到生命的尊嚴。
並列摘要
The issue about euthanasia into the patients in persistent vegetative state is still an argument in the medical ethics. In the day of technology, there are variant thinking over the life of solicitude. The purpose of this paper is to explore the exist situation and the ethics of euthanasia in the patients in persistent vegetative state through the Heidegger's philosophy about death and view of technology. The ethical consideration into the patients in a vegetative is to argue the necessary of using life sustaining devices. Families as the agent of the patient, being with the patient, had chief duty to decide continue or withdraw the life sustaining devices from their loving. From the essence of existence, Heidegger's philosophy believe that the exist of others, authentic care is consist, respect and autonomy. So it is true solicitude to the patients in a vegetative who respected their will of life before he alive. Living in the world of technology, one needs the thought of Gelassenheit. It means removing the control of human from technology, so it helps one's life to become free from the open situation. As a patient in a vegetative, if families keep the thought of Gelassenheit, the patient could achieve the dignity of life through accept the life of nature and resist the life of technology.