- 期刊
阻力訓練對肌肉適能與認知功能之影響：文獻回顧
Effects of Resistance Training on Muscle Fitness and Cognitive Function: A Literature Review
摘要
有越來越多研究顯示肌肉適能與認知功能間呈正向關聯，阻力訓練研究也發現對認知功能有益，然而，鮮少研究進一步闡述阻力訓練是否會透過改變肌肉適能來影響認知功能，以及其中的機轉。目的：本回顧論文之目的為統整不同阻力訓練介入對認知功能與肌肉適能共同影響之研究，闡述介入後各類肌肉適能，如肌力、肌耐力、肌肉量等變化對認知功能之影響，釐清兩者的關聯，並推測其機轉，再對未來研究方向提出建議與展望。結果：一、獨立阻力訓練後全身最大肌力的變化，可能部分影響了全面認知及多項執行功能的改善，而下肢肌力的關聯又比上肢肌力更顯著。二、握力改善不顯著影響任意認知功能改善。三、爆發力、肌耐力、等長肌力與體脂下降可能與全面認知、執行功能改善正相關，但仍缺乏大型研究與中介分析支持。四、目前研究都並未達成各類肌肉適能訓練的最佳化處方（部位、訓練量、頻率、強度）。五、阻力訓練可能透過生理刺激結合訓練時認知投入，共同改善肌肉適能與認知功能。結論：阻力訓練可能透過最大肌力的改善增加了認知功能的改善效益，相關之未來研究需要重視介入過程中最大肌力的變化，並進一步分析其中的生理與心理機轉，以達到全面健康與認知改善的最大效益。
並列摘要
This literature review aims to consolidate empirical articles on the effects of various resistance training interventions on cognition and muscular fitness. It seeks to elucidate the relationship between changes in muscle fitness and cognitive function, clarify the correlation, and propose potential mechanisms. Additionally, this review provides suggestions for future research directions. The results of this review suggest that: 1). Independent resistance training-induced changes in total body maximum muscle strength may indirectly affect several cognitive function, with a more significant relationship observed for lower limb muscle strength than upper limb strength. 2). The association between increased grip strength and cognition is weak. 3). Muscular power, muscular endurance, isometric strength, and body fat loss may be linked to cognition, although larger RCTs and mediation analyses are needed for robust support. 4). Optimal prescriptions for various types of muscle fitness training, including volume for muscle hypertrophy or endurance and frequency and intensity for muscle strength, are yet to be determined. Some studies also lack comprehensive coverage of major muscle groups. 5). Resistance training shows the potential to enhance both muscle fitness and brain function through physiological stimulation and cognitive engagement during training. Conclusion: Resistance training may indirectly influence cognitive improvement by enhancing muscular strength. Future research might assess changes in maximum muscle strength throughout the procedure. Analyzing the physiological and psychological mechanisms involved can contribute to optimizing the health and cognitive benefits achievable through resistance training.