Based on motivation traits theory, this study investigated the effects of motivation traits of supervisor and subordinate on target of social loafing. We tested the model using hierarchical linear modeling (HLM) with data obtained from a sample of 444 manager- ployee dyads working in 74 teams. At the individual level, subordinates' compete excellence was positively related to target of social loafing. At the work-unit level, the relationships among supervisors' competitive excellence and avoidance traits and target of social loafing were positive. Finally, the implications of current study and directions for future research are discussed.