籃球專項肌力體能訓練計畫對籃球選手專項體能表現之影響

本研究目的在探討實施16週籃球專項肌力體能計畫對大專男子籃球運動員的速度能力（20公尺階梯衝刺）、爆發能力（一步垂直跳、立定垂直跳）、負重能力（1RM仰臥推舉、1RM深蹲、60公斤仰臥推舉最大次數、引體向上最大次數）表現之影響。研究方法以20名大專男子籃球運動員（平均年齡20±2.2歲、身高185.2±5公分、體重85.4±8.7公斤）為研究對象。以實施16週的專項體能計畫（預防性訓練課表及體能訓練課表），每週6次、每次50～90分鐘，再於16週後實施後測。所得資料參數先以Kolmogorov-Smirnov test檢驗數據是否為常態分配，若非常態分配，再採用無母數統計中魏克生符號等級檢定分析速度能力、爆發能力、負重能力之差異，統計顯著差異值設為α=.05。研究結果顯示16週籃球專項肌力體能訓練計畫後速度能力、爆發能力、負重能力均有顯著進步（p＜.05），就專項體能計畫而言對於籃球運動員專項體能有效益存在。本研究結論為：（一）16週專項體能計畫能提升速度能力、爆發力及負重能力。（二）專項體能課表結合不同的訓練模式以符合運動專項本身需求進而提升運動技術表現。

關鍵字

速度能力；爆發力；負重能力

並列摘要

The purpose of this research is to explore the speed ability (20-meter step sprint), explosive ability (one-step vertical jump, standing vertical jump), weight-bearing ability (1RM supine press, 1RM squat, the maximum number of 60kg bench presses, and the maximum number of pull-ups). Methods: The research method used 20 male basketball players from University (average age 20 ± 2.2 years, height 185.2 ± 5 cm, weight 85.4 ± 8.7 kg) as the research objects. To implement a 16-week special physical fitness plan (preventive training schedule and physical training schedule), 6 times a week, 50 to 90 minutes each time, and then implement the posttest after 16 weeks. The data parameters obtained are first tested by the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test to check whether the data is normally distributed. If the distribution is abnormal, then use the Wilcoxon signed ranked test in the Nonparametric Statistics to analyze the difference in speed ability, explosive ability, and load-bearing ability. The statistically significant difference value is set to α = .05. The results of the study showed that the speed ability, explosive ability, and weight-bearing ability after the 16-week basketball specific muscle physical training program have been significantly improved (p ＜.05), and the specific physical fitness program is beneficial to the basketball players' specific physical fitness. The conclusions of this study are: (1) The 16-week special physical fitness plan can improve speed, explosiveness and weight-bearing capacity. (2) The special physical stamina schedule combines different training modes to meet the needs of the special sports and improve the performance of sports skills.