摘要
牙周病並非成人才會罹患的疾病，在兒童及青少年的階段就有可能會發生，尤其是牙菌斑誘發的牙齦炎非常普遍，卻很容易被忽略。很早便有學者提出早期預防、診斷及治療對於兒童及青少年牙周病癒後的重要性。本文希望能提高一般牙醫師，尤其是兒童牙科及牙周病科醫師對於這類族群的警覺，並且提供診斷、治療及癒後的文獻整理及臨床建議，以期能增進國內這類患者的照護，得到最佳的治療癒後。也希望藉此促進這類疾病的研究、政策及兩科之間合作模式的討論。根據最新的分類方式，兒童及青少年除了侵犯性牙周炎之外也有可能會罹患慢性牙周炎及其他牙周疾病。治療方式都是先從第一階段治療開始，包括：口腔衛教、非手術性洗牙及牙根整平術、必要時輔助以全身或局部抗生素、以及去除牙周病治病因子等。第二階段則包括：牙周翻瓣手術性清創或牙周再生手術等。通常第一階段的治療就能帶來良好的療效，但若要達到長期的最佳癒後，病患的口腔清潔能力、動機及定期回診檢查維護是非常重要的。
並列摘要
Periodontal disease not only infects adults but also children and adolescents. Plaque-induced gingivitis is prevalent among younger groups; yet it has been overlooked. It has long been proposed that early-prevention, diagnosis and treatment are crucial for the best outcome and prognosis of the periodontal disease in the child and adolescent. This article is expected to arouse the awareness for this group from general dentists, especially pedodontists and periodontists. It also provides the clinical guideline and literature reviews for the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of the disease hoping to improve the general quality of service for the patient to gain the best outcome. It is also anticipated to provoke the research of the disease, policy discussion, and cooperation between two departments.According to the latest classification, in addition to aggressive periodontitis, children and adolescents would also infect chronic periodontitis and other periodontal disease. As for now, the treatment is similar which starts from phase one therapy, including oral hygiene instructions, nonsurgical scaling and root planing, consideration of antibiotics treatment, and removal of periodontal risk factors…etc. Phase two therapy includes surgical debridement and regenerative surgery…etc. Phase one therapy usually provides significant outcome, but in order to achieve the best long-term prognosis, patient's self-cleansing ability, motivation, and routine maintenance care is very important.