論蒙古東征日本前後的雙邊關係及其影響

13世紀後半，蒙古鐵騎在橫掃歐亞大陸、建立史上空前的大帝國之餘，接連渡海征伐日本，並對當時的鎌倉幕府與日本社會形成了莫大的衝擊和迴響。原本擅長陸戰的蒙古騎兵因何渡海東征？鎌倉幕府面對日本史上首度的外敵入侵如何因應？以及該事件對蒙日的雙邊關係究竟產生若何影響？前述的課題，在史學界曾引發若干熱烈的討論並累積了相當可觀的成果。然而，不容諱言的是，相關的討論仍較多聚焦在日本一方，對整起事件的平衡論述則略嫌不足；基於此一認知，本文改由國際關係的角度切入，試圖藉由對於當時蒙日雙邊關係的再度檢視以還原蒙古東征的面象，並希望能對此一課題的討論提供些許的參考與助益。

關鍵字

蒙古東征；鎌倉幕府；蒙日關係

並列摘要

The Mongol invasion of Japan in the late 13th century was the major military operations after its conquering of the Asian and European continents. These military operations also had great impacts on Kamakura Bakuhu. However, the reason for Mongolian invasion of Japan, how the Kamakura Bakuhu dealt with the invasion, and what impacts the invasion made had the Japan-Mongol relations, are issues. Worthy of study, There are many research papers on these issues, but most of them focusing on Japanese side. This paper is to re-examine the Japan-Mongolia relations in that period and study Mongol invasion of Japan from the viewpoint of international relations.