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教育介入對學齡前兒童主要照顧者的口腔保健知識、態度和行爲影響研究
Effects on Oral Hygiene Knowledge, Attitudes and Behaviors by Employing Various Instructions to pre-school Kid's Tenders about Oral Cavity Knowledge and Skills
摘要
本研究旨在了解口腔教育介入對學齡前兒童主要照顧者的知識、態度和行爲的影響。研究採取不等組前後測準實驗設計，以台中市立托兒所2005年度在學中兒童之主要照顧者255人爲母群體，再以班級爲單位隨機抽樣分成實驗組(Ⅰ)83人施予「兒童口腔保健」健康講座教育介入；實驗組(Ⅱ)91人，給予「兒童口腔保健」衛教單張教育介入；控制組81人，不做任何教育介入。以研究者等自編「兒童口腔保健知識、態度、行爲評量問卷」作爲實驗處理前後評量工具。研究資料以多變量共變數分析(MACOVA)法進行統計考驗。研究結果發現：l.教育介入對學齡前兒童主要照顧者的「兒童口腔保健」知識和行爲有顯著成效；2.教育介入方法以「健康講座」效果最好，其次爲「衛教單張」；3.參加教育介入能有效協助學齡前兒童主要照顧者改進「兒童口腔保健」行爲，不論是「健康講座」或「衛教單張」對行爲的改變都有顯著效益；4.教育介入對學齡前兒童主要照顧者的「兒童口腔保健」態度有顯著影響，其中對「中壯年組照顧者」的影響明顯優於「青年組照顧者」。
並列摘要
This research was to understand the effects of oral hygiene knowledge, attitudes and behaviors by employing various instructions to pre-school kids' tenders about oral cavity know ledge and skills. The study adapted the pretest-posttest nonequivalent groups of quasi-experimental design method. A total of 255 registered children's tenders in Tai-Chung City nursery school were randomly selected, during 2005 schooling year, to participate in this study. Subjects were divided into three groups randomly. Group 1 and 2 were treated as experimental groups. Group 1 included 83 kids' tenders who were given health lectures and oral cavity care instruction. Group 2 included 91 kids' tenders who were given health leaflets and oral cavity care instruction. Group 3 included 81 kids' tenders who were given no health education as control group. A self administered questionnaire titled ”Knowledge, Attitudes & Behaviors of Children Oral Cavity Care” was adopted for data collection. The experiment data was treated by MACOVA statistics method. The research findings are as follows: 1. there is a significant effect on kid's tenders' knowledge, attitudes and behaviors if kids' tenders are given oral hygiene education; 2. health care lecture is the most effective way to educate kid's tenders about oral hygiene; giving out leaflets is ranked as the second effective way; 3. attending oral hygiene lectures could improve kids tender's behaviors and attitudes in regarding to oral cavity prevention; 4. effects on oral hygiene knowledge, altitudes and behaviors by implementing various oral hygiene knowledge and skill instructions to middle-aged kids' tenders are significantly superior to young kids' lenders.