教育部《異體字字典》中之互為異體關係析論

漢字之發展延綿數千年，漢字之使用橫跨眾多國家，字形之演變，往往千支萬派，異彩紛呈，以致點橫稍縱，即形似他字；兼之文字之使用，音義常相糾纏變化，導致一字之異體常見與他字互有糾葛。正如曾榮汾《異體字字典．總編輯序》所論：「整理中國文字，形音義必須兼顧。表面看來，異體歧衍，形體為重。或隸變，或草省，或減形，或增旁，自有其道。但是實際上的演變卻與音義糾纏難分。或甲為乙之異，乙復為丙之異；或甲為正字兼作乙異，乙亦為正字兼作甲異。」本論文以《異體字字典》中正異體彼此糾結之「甲為正字兼作乙異，乙亦為正字兼作甲異。」之「互為異體」類型為探討主題，稽究歷代文獻，藉以一窺兩正字如何互相成為彼此異體，並探討相關文字學理。

關鍵字

異體字；正字；俗字；異體字字典；互為異體

並列摘要

The Ministry of Education's " Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants " is a large-scale book of Chinese characters that had offered scholars lots of benefits. This research project is based on " The Two Words are Variants of Each Other " in the book. This historical document explained the theory of Chinese characters. The research results can be used as a reference for related research and dictionary editing.