親子互動在幼兒合作性與競爭性桌上遊戲之探究

儘管桌上遊戲盛行台灣，桌上遊戲對於親子互動的價值深獲肯定，然而桌上遊戲應用於幼兒親子互動的相關研究仍待更多探討。因此本研究目的為探討幼兒親子互動在不同類型桌上遊戲之表現，本研究為混和研究，研究對象為新北市某附幼8組大班生與其母親，親子分別共玩合作性與競爭性桌上遊戲。本研究透過訪談了解母親對於親子於桌上遊戲中互動的想法與經驗，並採用無母數統計方法之魏氏－曼－惠特尼U檢定進行量化資料分析。研究結果顯示親子在合作性桌上遊戲共玩時情緒較穩定，互動較高，且引導及協助的平均數顯著高於競爭性桌上遊戲，母親能以討論及建議的方式與孩子討論想法不同之處。相較之下，親子在競爭性桌上遊戲的過程中，指導的平均數顯著高於合作性桌上遊戲，母親會使用強硬的方式讓孩子配合競爭性桌上遊戲。然而，無論是合作性或是競爭性桌上遊戲，在互為玩伴之表現在兩種桌上遊戲並無顯著差異。最後，本研究針對親子共玩桌上遊戲及未來桌上遊戲相關研究，提出相關建議。

關鍵字

桌上遊戲；合作性桌上遊戲；競爭性桌上遊戲；親子互動

並列摘要

In this study, parent-child interactions were investigated in the context of playing board games. A mixed-methods approach was used. The participants, comprised eight groups of mothers and kindergartners, are from a preschool in New Taipei City. They were divided into two groups: one group play cooperative board games, and one group played competitive board game. The thoughts and experiences of the mothers regarding their parent-child interactions while playing board games were investigated. A nonparametric method, named the Mann- Whitney U test, was used for data analysis. The results indicated that the parents-child interactions in the cooperative board games tended to be emotionally stable, and this group exhibited more bodily movement than the competitive board game group. In addition, in the cooperative board game group, the parents tended to engage in additional discussions with their children when they had differed opinions. By contrast, in the competitive board game, the parents tended to rely on forceful methods to encourage compliance, and the children perceived their mothers to be opponents with a desire to win. Overall, the guidance and assistance scores were significantly higher in the cooperative board game group than in the competitive tabletop game group. By contrast, guidance scores were significantly higher in the competitive board game group. However, there was no differences were observed between the two groups in terms of being playmates. The study offers suggestions for parent-child play board games and future research.