Alopecia areata is a kind of sudden and limited symptoms of patchy alopecia. The etiology is complex, and western medicine has no effective treatment and its treatment has certain side effects. Therefore, it is of practical significance to seek effective, non-toxic and side effects of traditional Chinese medicine and acupuncture. We summarized the literature from the etiology and pathogenesis of TCM, TCM syndrome differentiation and acupuncture research, and other aspects. From the results of clinical research, acupuncture has achieved certain effects in the treatment of alopecia areata, especially in the treatment of traditional Chinese medicine based on syndrome differentiation, acupuncture based on meridian-based acupuncture, local plum blossom needle, fire needle in hair loss areas, and combined ginger-based comprehensive therapy. The effect is better, and clinical treatment is recommended.