《笑林評》、《續笑林評》中的妒婦故事及評語之解讀

明萬曆39年刊刻出版的楊茂謙《笑林評》和《續笑林評》，雖久佚於中國，幸賴日本內閣文庫收藏而得留存。卻因裝訂時發生錯誤，《續笑林評》頁80b以下錯亂情形嚴重，頁90b之內容未能得見，致無法得其全帙。然楊茂謙於每則笑話之末加上評語的撰作方式，雖或有受到前人評點文學作品影響，在笑話書的發展過程則具有開創性意義，同時有啟悟讀者揣知笑話內涵、企能獲取共鳴的效用。由於妒婦為明末清代葷笑話大量出現前，經常被諷刺的對象，也是《笑林評》和《續笑林評》有關女性的敘事中，比較特出的類型。尤其《笑林評》和《續笑林評》中的妒婦故事及評論，不僅陳說為人妻者以妒忌而做出各種妥協或伎倆後，卻未必能獲得丈夫的認可與憐惜之結果；對其變本加厲的各種滑稽可笑行止也予以嘲弄，藉此彰顯婦德的重要性，或隱含編撰者意蘊的期許。

關鍵字

楊茂謙；《笑林評》；《續笑林評》；妒婦；笑話文學

並列摘要

Yang Mao-Qian's Xiao Lin Ping (笑林評) and Xu Xiao Lin Ping (續笑林評), printed and published in the 39th year of Wanli reign in Ming Dynasty, have been long lost in China. Fortunately, they were collected and retained by the Cabinet Book Collection of Japan. However, due to the mistakes in bookbinding, pages after 80b of Xu Xiao Lin Ping were seriously misplaced. In addition, the contents of page 90b didn't remain so that the whole picture of this book couldn't be obtained. Although the way that Yang Mao-Qian added his comment in the end of each funny story was probably influenced by predecessors' commentaries of literary works, it still provided an innovative meaning in the development of funny story books. Besides, it inspired readers to conjecture the implication of funny stories to achieve the effect of resonance. Jealous women were frequently satirized before the emergence of numerous sexual folk jokes in late Ming and Qing dynasties, and this kind of women image was appeared as a more unique type Xiao Lin Ping and Xu Xiao Lin Ping. Presisely speaking, the stories and comments on jealous women in Xiao Lin Ping and Xu Xiao Lin Ping not only stated the results that all the compromises and intrigues done by jealous wives did not necessarily bring in their husbands' approval and compassion, but also mocked their various intensified ridiculous behaviors. Therefore, the stories and commentrary about jealous women in the two books showcase the author's recognition and expection of feminine virtues which was one of the core beliefs targeted to deliver to to the readers.