摘要
2010年正值俄國偉大寫實主義作家托爾斯泰逝世百年，對於生活在百年後的我們，應該對托翁的人格、作品與思想以謙卑的心情和態度重新研究，透過再次閱讀他的作品，反覆領略其核心的價值與不朽的意義。而另一位也被歸為俄國文學寫實主義旗手的高爾基，離開這個世界已經七十六個年頭，隨著東西方冷戰結束，蘇聯解體，共產國家紛紛轉型為民主體制的今天，更應該破除政治意識型態，不再將他視為社會主義的樣板文學家，而對他的人格重新檢視與評價，還給他更為真實的面貌並感受其作品動人之處。托翁令人感到偉大的地方，就在於他內省式的人格特質，並強烈地要求自己知行合一，雖然身處貴族，卻願意以「解鈴還需繫鈴人」的態度，發自內心真正地掙脫數百年來俄國社會加諸於廣大農民身上的束縛與枷鎖，並且對人世間達到「盡善」的憧憬，賦予深切地期望。而出身完全相反的高爾基，其創作特性與思想特徵，與托翁相同，自幼時起就有一顆敏感的內省心靈，不論是他早期還是中晚期的作品，貫穿其內的就是人道主義的精神與信念，並且對於人類的未來秉持著光明的態度，但是對於如何達到這個理想，高爾基卻認為政治上必要的做法是不可避免地手段，相對於托翁強調道德範圍內的覺醒與和平方式去實踐有所不同。
並列摘要
2010 was the centenary of great Russian realism writer Lev Tolstoy passed away. After a century, with humble attitude, we tried to do research again about his personality, writings and thoughts. We re-comprehend his core values and immortal meanings by way of reading again his writings. The other Russian vanguard realism writer Maxim Gorky passed away 76 years ago. After the cold war and Soviet Union collapsed, many communism countries transformed the government system into democratic countries, we should get rid of political myth and never regarded the abovementioned two writers as propoganda literature models. In order to recover their real appearance and re-comprehend their heart touching writings. It's necessary for us to review and evaluate their personalities.The greatness of Tolstoy was his special intra-reflection personality and well behaved himself. Although he was born in the noble family, yet with his deep heart reflection, he was willing to unlock the fetters and bandage that the Russian society disposed to nationwide farmers for centuries. He also deeply expected that all life could reach perfect goodness situation. On contrary, Gorky was born poorly. But he was the same as Tolstoy, and also had sensitive intra-reflection in his childhood. Today academic community should fairly do research toward Gorky special creative writings, thoughts and characters. No matter what his early and mid-term writings that the penetrations of his deep heart were the spirit of humanitarism and still had bright attitude toward future humankind.