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  • 期刊

抗戰時期重慶紡織工人的工資與食、衣,住情形(1937-1945)

Wages, food, clothing, and housing conditions of textile workers in Chongqing during the Anti-Japanese War

摘要


蘆溝橋事件之後日本加速侵華,不但引爆了中國全面性的抗日活動,也促成經濟重心前所未有的大轉移,從東部沿海遷到西南內陸。國民政府面對華北快速淪陷、首都南京岌岌可危的險峻局勢,一面倉促地全力應戰,一面爭取時間遷都,並搶運沿海工業進入湘、鄂、贛等後方省份復業,以備長期抗戰所需。同年底,國民政府遷都重慶,次年武漢失守,再次迫使停留在中部國統區的工業大舉內遷至重慶等西南地區。如此一來,抗戰不僅使重慶成為國民政府黨、政、軍的樞紐,更成為維繫全國抗戰命脈的經濟與工業生產中心,造就了近代西南後方工業史上第一次的「西部大開發」。戰爭使得重慶躍昇為中國的政經中心,工業大內遷更改變了重慶原有的工業生態,改變原有工人的工作方式與生活內涵。戰爭帶來新的工業形態、新工業、新技術以及新的工人,戰爭體制也急遽地衝擊到與工人息息相關的工業政策與勞工政策,自然改變眾多工人生活的各層面。作為重慶地區的第三大工業-紡織業,牢牢掌握著大約一萬五千五百名勞工的動態,因此思考這群軍需民生的重要供應者-工人,在戰爭魔法師操控下所扮演的角色,有助於瞭解下層社會的戰時體驗。以下即說明重慶地區紡織工人的工資與日常生活。

關鍵字

抗戰 重慶 紡織工人

並列摘要


The war made Chongqing become China's political and economic center, and the large inland relocation of industry changed the original industrial ecology of Chongqing, and changed the working methods and life connotation of the original workers. The war brought new industrial forms, new industries, new technologies, and new workers. The war system also rapidly impacted industrial policies and labor policies that are closely related to workers, naturally changing all aspects of the lives of many workers. As the third largest industry in Chongqing-the textile industry, it firmly grasps the dynamics of about 15,500 laborers. Therefore, I think about the important suppliers of military supplies and people's livelihood-workers, who are playing under the control of war magicians. The role helps to understand the wartime experience of the lower class. The following explains the wages and daily life of textile workers in Chongqing.

並列關鍵字

Anti-Japanese War Chongqing textile workers

延伸閱讀