足浴改善女大學生情緒焦慮與生理參數之作用：隨機對照試驗

Effects of footbaths on emotional anxiety and physiological parameters in female university students: A randomized controlled study

譚博謙(Bo-Chian Tan) ； 葉月嬌(Yueh-Chiao Yeh)

《運動與遊憩研究》 Volume 19 Issue 3 (2024/09) Pp. 39-56

https://doi.org/10.29423/JSRR.202409_19(3).04

Abstracts

女大學生容易發生情緒焦慮，足浴具有抗疲勞與強化身心健康效果。因此，本研究旨在探討介入不同足浴改變生理反應和焦慮程度之效果。共120名臺灣南部某大學女學生，隨機分為一般足浴組（40℃溫水）、泡泡足浴組（40℃溫水及氣泡）、芳香足浴組（40℃溫水添加.05%薰衣草精油）等三組實驗組與對照組。研究結果發現：受試者平均年齡為20.9歲、以主修人文領域（39.2%）、居住在南臺灣（55.8%）和健康狀況為普通者為主（55.0%）。試驗前情境特質焦慮量表平均得分為38.7±9.0，誘導焦慮後增加為58.1±9.7（p=.010）。以單因子變異數分析足浴試驗10分鐘後結果顯示，三組足浴組降低焦慮效果都顯著優於對照組（p<.001）；芳香足浴組與泡泡足浴組比一般足浴組降低焦慮程度更高一些。在生理參數方面，一般足浴最能顯著提高受試者指溫的效果（0.9℃，p=.036），而芳香足浴提高足溫效果最佳（2.3℃，p<.001）。介入芳香足浴最能顯著增加副交感神經活性（低頻功率［LF］與高頻功率［HF］之比例）（-0.8 vs 0.4對照組，p=.044），但是對於血壓和心跳的影響則沒有顯著差異。本研究證實足浴確實能顯著緩解大學生焦慮程度、提高足溫及平衡自律神經。添加薰衣草精油或增加氣泡振動可以讓受試者更放鬆與舒服。建議日後大專院校設計休憩活動時，可鼓勵學生利用足浴法紓緩面臨壓力時焦慮之情緒。

Keywords

足浴 ； 薰衣草精油 ； 情緒焦慮 ； 生理反應 ； 女大學生

Parallel abstracts

Female college students are prone to emotional anxiety. Foot bath has the effect of anti-fatigue and strengthening physical and mental health. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the effect of different foot bath interventions on changing physiological responses and anxiety levels. A total of 120 female students from a university in southern Taiwan were randomly divided into three experimental groups: a general foot bath group (40°C lukewarm water), a bubble foot bath group (40°C lukewarm water with bubble vibration), and an aromatic foot bath group (40°C lukewarm water with .05% lavender essential oil); and a control group performing normal activities. The results indicated that the mean age of the subjects was 20.9 years old, most of them majored in the humanities field (39.2%), lived in southern Taiwan (55.8%), and perceived fair health status (55.0%). The average score of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory before the test was 38.7± 9.0, which increased to 58.1±9.7 after inducing anxiety (p=.010). The results after 10 minutes of interventional foot bath tests using One-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) showed that the anxiety levels were significantly reduced in all three-foot bath groups compared with the control group (p<.001). Furthermore, the aromatic foot bath group and the bubble foot bath group reduced anxiety levels a little higher than the general foot bath group. In terms of physiological parameters, general foot baths significantly improved the subject's finger temperature (0.9°C, p=.036), while aromatic foot baths had the best effect on improving instep temperature (2.3°C, p<.001). Aroma foot bath intervention significantly increased parasympathetic nerve activity (the ratio of low-frequency power [LF] to high-frequency power [HF] heart rate variability) (-0.8 vs 0.4 in the control group, p=.044), whereas there was no significant difference in the effects on blood pressure and heart rate. Findings from this study confirm that foot baths can significantly relieve the psychological anxiety of female college students, increase foot temperature, and balance the autonomic nervous system. However, adding lavender essential oil or increasing bubble vibration can make participants feel more relaxed and comfortable. It is recommended that when colleges or universities design recreation activities in the future, students can be encouraged to use foot baths to achieve emotional release when facing stress.

Parallel keywords

Foot bath ； lavender essential oil ； emotional anxiety ； physiological responses ； female university students