以健康信念模式分析新冠疫苗混打之認知差異與接受度

本研究旨在透過人口學特徵及健康信念模式分析，探討民眾對於新冠疫苗混打的看法與接受度。研究結果顯示性別和年齡別呈現顯著差異，性別以女性佔多數，反映出她們對疫情的高度關注。年輕人則較關心疫苗議題，或許與其在社交媒體和資訊環境中的活躍程度相關。教育程度和行業別對健康信念有顯著差異，大專教育程度者對科學和健康問題有更高理解，而產業別以民生服務業佔多數，顯示服務業人員對於疫苗議題的關心。在健康信念模式中，受訪者對新冠疫情的疾病威脅性有認知，且普遍表現出對疫情的擔憂與其對社交、工作和日常生活層面的影響。在疫苗施打的行動可能性方面，混打疫苗的效果與接受度存在差異，特別是對副作用和疫苗能否完全防止感染的疑慮。在相關性方面，疾病威脅性、行動可能性、行動誘因與疫苗混打認知度呈現正相關。此結果顯示對疫情威脅感知高者，在行動和疫苗相關信念上表現較積極。在預測性分析上，行動可能性和疫苗混打認知度對疫苗混打接受度有正向影響。就本研究結果而言，政府在宣導疫苗施打時，應注重提升對行動可能性和疫苗混打的正確認知，以促進更廣泛的疫苗混打接受。這些宣導有助於建立更有效的公共衛生防疫網，並提高民眾對於疫苗混打的接受度。

關鍵字

健康信念模式；新冠疫苗；疾病威脅性；疫苗混打

並列摘要

This study aimed to analyze public acceptance of mixed COVID-19 vaccinations through the analysis of demographic characteristics and health belief models. The results indicated significant differences in gender and age, with females being the majority, possibly reflecting their heightened concern for the pandemic. Younger individuals were more concerned about vaccine-related issues, perhaps linked to their active engagement in social media and information environments. Education level and occupation had an impact on health beliefs, as those with a higher education level exhibited a better understanding of science and health issues. The majority working in the service industry suggested a substantial demand for the involvement of service workers in vaccine-related discussions. Within the health belief model, respondents demonstrated awareness of the disease's threat but expressed comprehensive concerns about the pandemic, including social, occupational, and daily life aspects. In terms of action likelihood, differences existed in the perceived effectiveness and acceptance of vaccines, particularly concerning concerns about side effects and whether the vaccine could fully prevent infection. Regarding correlations, the perceived threat of the disease positively correlated with action likelihood, action incentives, and awareness of mixed vaccinations. This suggested that those with a higher perception of the threat of the pandemic were more likely to exhibit positive attitudes toward action and vaccine-related beliefs. In predictive analysis, action likelihood and awareness of mixed vaccinations positively influenced the acceptance of mixed vaccinations. Overall, government campaigns should focus on enhancing accurate knowledge of action likelihood and mixed vaccinations to promote widespread acceptance. These strategies contribute to the development of more effective public health campaigns, increasing public acceptance of mixed vaccinations.