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Response of Bread Wheat Genotypes to Immature Embryo Culture, Callus Induction and Drought Stress
並列摘要
In order to evaluate the response of twenty genotypes of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) to callus induction and in vitro drought stress. The immature embryos of wheat were used in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with six replications for callus induction and a 20×2 factorial experiment based on CRD design with three replications was carried out for response of genotypes to in vitro drought stress at the Agricultural College of Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran during 2010-2011. Significant differences were observed among the genotypes for Callus Growth Rate (CGR), Relative Fresh Weight Growth (RFWG), Relative Growth Rate (RGR) and Percentage of Callus Induction (PCI) indicating the presence of genetic variability, different responses of bread wheat genotypes to callus induction and possible selection of callus induction at in vitro level using immature embryos. Mean comparison of the traits measured in callus induction showed that genotypes 1 and 6 had the highest PCI (100%). Analysis of variance for CGR, RFWG and RGR, Relative Water Content (RWC), Percent of Callus Chlorosis (PCC) and Proline Content (PC) exhibited significant differences among the genotypes for all the characters in the stress condition (15% PEG). Screening drought tolerant genotypes and in vitro indicators of drought tolerance using mean rank, standard deviation of ranks and biplot analysis, discriminated genotypes (6), (19) and (1) as the most drought tolerant.