跨文化之後：從《歐蘭朵》到《孟小冬》

After the Intercultural Exchange: Guoguang Opera Company's "Orlando" and "Meng Xiao-dong"

謝筱玫(Hsiao-Mei Hsieh)

《戲劇研究》 10期 (2012/07) Pp. 139-162

https://doi.org/10.6257/2012.10139

摘要

兩廳院在二○○九年的旗艦製作《歐蘭朵》集結了國際名導威爾森（Robert Wilson）以及臺灣京劇名伶魏海敏，加上素有名望的學者編劇王安祈，團隊組合乃一時之選。即使落幕至今，仍是餘波盪漾，爭議不斷。魏海敏的京劇功底在威爾森的舞台似乎如同戴上了緊箍咒般施展不開，雙方的美學風格無法彼此消解自然融合。但到了國光翌年推出的《孟小冬》，《歐蘭朵》在音樂與形體上的尷尬實驗似乎得到了修正的機會而有了亮眼的成果，且《孟》劇在主題、語言、敘事手法上跟《歐蘭朵》十分相似。本文首先爬梳跨文化相關論述，在意識到跨文化交流必有得失之餘，更想討論的是臺灣合作團隊這邊，因這樣的跨國合作機緣，是否有所影響與改變？本文除了討論威爾森與魏海敏等人的跨國合作歷程，也將比較翌年國光劇團所推出的《孟小冬》與《歐蘭朵》之間的繼承關係，以分析《歐蘭朵》帶給國光劇團在編與演方面的啟發。

關鍵字

跨文化 ； 《歐蘭朵》 ； 威爾森 ； 《孟小冬》 ； 新編京劇

並列摘要

”Intercultural/ transcultural” as an aesthetic notion and artistic practice has been implemented in Taiwan for decades. The intercultural adaptation in Taiwan reached its peak as the internationally renowned director Robert Wilson collaborated with the Taiwanese Beijing opera diva Wei Hai-min and staged his Chinese ”Orlando” in Taipei in 2009. The solo performance received mixed responses: While some argued that the production disclosed the incongruity of two entirely different aesthetics and discredited both the director and the actress, others maintained that a revolutionary work required a different way of seeing. Therefore, an investigation into the collaboration process is worthwhile, that is, how Robert Wilson and Guoguang Opera Company communicated with each other, how the Taiwanese playwright Wang An-qi tried to insert as much Beijing opera literary elements in an already established text as possible, and how the Beijing opera diva Wei adjusted herself to Wilson's aesthetic vision. It may not be a coincidence that in a year after the collaboration, the Guoguang production team came up with another semi-solo performance, ”Meng Xiao-dong”. Based on the story of a Chinese theatre celebrity in the early 20th century, some dramatic aspects in ”Meng Xiao-dong” such as the theme, language, reminiscent stream-of-consciousness narration, and the wide use of monologue seemed inspired by the experience of ”Orlando”. Acknowledging the stake of intercultural exchange, this paper examines in what way the experience of intercultural collaboration has influenced Guoguang Opera Company, represented by its leading actress Wei Hai-min and its artistic director and playwright Wang An-qi, by comparing ”Orlando” and ”Meng Xiao-dong” to see how much they learned from this intercultural exchange.

並列關鍵字

Intercultural performance ； Orlando ； Robert Wilson ； Meng Xiao-dong ； New Bejing opera

參考文獻

王安祈(2008)。絳唇珠袖兩寂寞─京劇．女書。臺北:印刻出版有限公司。

王安祈(2009)。孤獨，璀璨：魏海敏凝神遠眺歐蘭朵。印刻文學生活誌。5(6)，109-111。

王安祈(2010)。孟小冬。戲劇學刊。12，185-217。

王安祈(2011)。性別、政治與京劇表演文化。臺北:臺大出版中心。

()。