- 期刊
越南胡志明市第五郡廣東人ê語言使用
A study on the language use of Cantonese in district 5, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
摘要
根據越南2019 ê統計資料，越南華人人口是749,466人，佔0.78%。Tī歷史ê角度，華人為著經濟交易選擇生活tī上熱鬧ê胡志明市，尤其是第五郡，koh大部份是廣東人。本文欲分析廣東人tī無仝ê語境（domain）內底使用ê語言，分別是廣東話kah越南語ê使用，koh分析幕後選擇彼个語言ê原因。本文ê研究對象是家己認為家己是廣東人，生活上久ê所在是胡志明市第五郡。研究方法是問卷調查kah深度訪談。研究結果顯示：1.Tī家庭kap個人思考ê語境，廣東話原在保有優勢，原因是因為長輩ê堅持，m̄-koh soah不斷受越南語ê侵入；2.Tī厝邊kap華語學校ê語境，越南語kap廣東話仝時存在，因為移徙（社區）kap學員身分背景kap語言能力（華語學校）；3.Tī其他ê語境，親像正規學校、公司、公共場所kap娛樂新聞使用ê語言主要是越南語，上大ê原因是：1.廣東話是外來語koh社會語言地位無懸，2.廣東話干焦kā看做家庭語言，3.第五郡人口移徙ê問題kap 4.越南廣東人採取khah懸程度ê語言聚合。台灣台語kah越南ê廣東話有一寡仝款ê特點，攏是社會內底ê弱勢語言，文字無法度脫漢字。M̄-koh，廣東話會使當做台灣台語一个語言復振ê參考案例，因為上少廣東話koh保有一寡使用ê範圍，親像家庭內底kap個人語言。
並列摘要
According to statistics from 2019, the population of Chinese ethnic group in Vietnam is just 749,466, or 0.78% of the total population. For economic transactions, the Chinese ethnic group chose to live in the most dynamic Ho Chi Minh City, particularly District 5, and most of them are Cantonese. This article aims to examine the language used by Cantonese in various domains, specifically the use of Cantonese and Vietnamese, as well as the reasons for using these languages. The people who identify themselves Cantonese and have lived the longest in district 5 of Ho Chi Minh City are the study's research subjects. The research methods are questionnaire surveys and in-depth interviews. The results indicate that: 1. In the domain of family and personal thinking, Cantonese retains its advantages due to the persistence of family elders, but it is constantly invaded by Vietnamese; 2. In the domain of neighbors and Chinese schools, Vietnamese and Cantonese coexist due to migration (community) and the background/ language ability of teachers and students (Chinese schools); 3. In other domains, such as formal schools, companies, public places, news and entertainment are primarily Vietnamese, with the following reasons: 1. Cantonese is a foreign language with a low sociolinguistic status, 2. Cantonese is considered as a family language, 3. The problem of migration in District 5, and 4. Cantonese takes a higher degree of language convergence. Taiwanese in Taiwan and Cantonese in Vietnam share several characteristics, including a lower status in society and the usage of Hanji for writing. However, due to the language use domain of family and personal language, Cantonese can be the samples of language maintain for Taiwanese.