- 期刊
談《哈美倫斑衣笛手》中所象徵的歷史真實性與虛構性
The Historical Authenticity and Fictionalizes in "The Pied Piper of Hamelin"
摘要
作為一則家喻戶曉的故事，《哈美倫斑衣笛手》給讀者的感覺似乎有那麼點不一樣。這則德國民間故事中所牽涉的部分主題帶有一種強烈的合理性，以至於總給人一種曾真實發生過的感覺。本文以這則民間故事為論述中心，將其中的故事主角－斑衣笛手與日耳曼戀詩歌手、斑衣在中世紀的形象、吉普賽人等連結，而故事情節中大批人口消失的主題，則與日耳曼殖民運動、兒童十字軍做連結，至於其中困擾哈美倫城的老鼠問題更是最能展現出本文主旨的部分。許多人都會以為哈美倫城遭遇的老鼠問題是俗稱黑死病的鼠疫，但無論是從時間、地點還是當時人們的醫療知識來看，卻都難以吻合這種說法。哈美倫城的老鼠問題較合理的解釋應該是「鼠多成災」而非歐洲歷史上聲名狼藉的黑死病。在人們對這則故事的印象裡，黑死病取代了原本的鼠災，這正可以說明民間故事既有歷史事實作背景，又有會隨時間影響而有增修的這種現象，也就是所謂的鏡像特質。當然，民間故事和史料是不同的，本文的目的也不是在判別這則民間故事的真偽，不過是希望能以不同角度來做研究而已。
並列摘要
As described in an old German folktale, the Pied Piper is a mysterious wanderer who claims to rid Hamelin of a plague of rats. In 1284 Hamelin suffered from rats. The town council tried every effort to eliminate the rats but in vain. At last, the mayor had no choice but to agree a large sum of money to who ever could put an end to the disaster. Before long the Pied Piper showed up and offered to wipe out the rats. With a magical pipe, he enchanted all the rats towards the river Weser, Where they drowned. However, instead of keeping his promise, the mayor went back on his word. Being refused the handsome reward for the success, the Pied Piper took revenge by playing his flute for the town's children and leading them away into a mountain cavern. Never were they seen again. This story has really has occurred the feeling. Actually, the majority of folktale all has the certain historical fact to take the background, but simultaneously the folk tale also has passes as necessary appears the increase, the revision situation, ”Hamelin's Pied Piper” is a typical example. This article goal is not distinguishing this folktale really or false, but is the hope can be engaged in the historical research by the different angle.