- 期刊
十八世紀利物浦港的發展
The Development of the Port of Liverpool in the Eighteenth Century
摘要
利物浦在投入對大西洋的貿易前一直是個從事近海以及沿岸貿易的漁村。1660年代起，她面臨了一連串的變化。首先，利物浦跨越大西洋，逐漸加入大英帝國跟殖民地進行貿易的行列。十七世紀末期，原料的進出口貿易帶動利物浦商業上的初步成長。十八世紀下半葉，利物浦的貿易量逐漸超越同時代其他港口，成為僅次於倫敦的重要對外港。另一方面，海外貿易其實與利物浦內部的發展相互影響。交通運輸的改善，以及來自內陸地區的工業產品，得以支援利物浦向外擴展貿易市場。商人在十八世紀初期開始掌控市政府，參與對外貿易，支持有利於商業發展的法案通過。在各方面的發展相互配合下，十八世紀的利物浦逐漸成為大英帝國的重要對外港，其商業發展也一日千里。
並列摘要
Liverpool had been a fishing village engaging with offshore and costal trade until it joined the transatlantic trade. It had been through many changes since the second half of seventeenth century. First, Liverpool joined the transatlantic trade between the British Empire and her colonies. The import and export of raw materials was an important start of its development. In the second half of the eighteenth century, Liverpool became an important trading port second only to London. Liverpool expanded the trade market by the help from the improvement of transportation and the supply of manufacture products from hinterland. Moreover, merchants had controlled the government since the beginning of the eighteenth century. They supported a series of business-friendly bills in Liverpool. With the development of all aspects, Liverpool gradually became one of the important trading ports for the British Empire in the eighteenth century.