- 期刊
物理模型應用於降雨引致逆向坡變形與崩壞過程之案例研究
CASE STUDY ON RAINFALL-INDUCED DEFORMATION AND FAILURE PROCESS OF ANACLINAL SLOPES THROUGH PHYSICAL MODELS
摘要
本研究主要以降雨入滲影響逆向坡變形至崩壞發展之物理模型試驗為主，探討岩坡於降雨入滲條件與改變模型尺度，影響逆向坡變形與崩壞特性進行研究。藉由物理模型於降雨條件試驗中，觀察岩坡所呈現出每階段變形與崩壞過程，試驗過程大致分為四個階段以說明岩坡之重力變形特性，並合理判斷降雨入滲影響下所產生之逆向坡崩壞過程與滑動、翻倒特性。研究結果得知，因地下水分布導致坡趾泡水弱化為逆向坡發生傾翻破壞之關鍵，其將造成岩體剪力強度大幅降低，進而加劇岩層前傾變形，促使坡頂張裂縫向下發展，利於地表水沿節理裂隙滲透岩體，導致加速岩體重力變形與潛在滑動面發展速度，隨即發生滑動、傾翻破壞。此外，不同模型尺度之物理模型試驗，將影響降雨入滲速度與坡頂張裂縫發展，導致模型於試驗中呈現出不同變形、傾翻破壞及崩壞規模之特性。
並列摘要
This study used the physical model to observe the deformation and collapse process of each stage for anaclinal slopes. The results of experimental process are divided into four stages to explain the gravitational deformation characteristics of anaclinal slopes. It will help us to understand that rainfall influence for sliding or toppling characteristics. The results showed groundwater distribution is a crucial factor in the deformation failure of anaclinal slopes. It will result in a significant reduction in rock mass shear strength, accelerating the rock mass of deformation and influence on the top of the slope development of tension cracks. And then, there are also facilitates the infiltration of surface water and groundwater along of joint fissures the slope surface, leading to accelerated rock mass gravitational deformation and potential sliding surfaces development speed. Finally, physical models induced the occurrence of sliding or toppling failure.