- 期刊
自日本「成熟困難」論考究我國兒少政治教育之未來發展
On the Future Development of Young People's Political Education from the View of People's Maturity Difficulties in Japan
摘要
有鑑於我國自完成《公民投票法》的修法工作後，18歲公民群體既已成為可主動行使投票權（參政權）的法定主體，則國家行政應如何協助該當群體涵養「政治理性」及相應之判斷能力，以順利行使其憲法上權利，自屬政府應積極履行之憲法上義務的重要內容之一。而日本精神科醫師熊代亨近日著書討論之「成熟困難」問題，又與我國學界當中論述兒少群體中日益深刻之「成長延滯化」或是「兒少嬌貴化」現象，有其重合或是相互接軌之處。因此，本文擬自日本「成熟困難」論的視角，考究我國國民教育（學校教育）課程之政治教育，如何於兒少群體普遍面臨有「成熟困難」之精神狀態危機的成長發展背景下，以何等思惟協助兒少群體涵養其「政治理性」及相應之判斷能力，進而成為得肩負起我國社稷發展大任之臺灣公民。透過文本分析與比較研究後發現，就實施政治教育的理念方面，日本教育法學界所提出之「主權者教育」論，應值得成為融合於《中華民國憲法》第21條保障人民享有受教育權之內涵當中；就教學實務方面，德國規劃與實施政治教育之歷程，或值得我國於注重學生社會參與的現行12年國民基本教育制度之基礎上，基於「主權者教育」論的觀點，予以衡量與參酌。
並列摘要
Japanese psychiatrist KUMASHIRO Toru recently published a book to discuss how hard the young people in Japan to get mature. The book has raised great concerns among the Japanese media. KUMASHIRO indicated that the maturity issue had been discussed in Japanese society and academia for half a century. Similarly, Taiwanese scholars have also suggested the phenomenon of ＂growth retardation＂ was increasingly popular among young people in Taiwan, which was consistent with the Maturity Difficulty issue in Japan. It is important for the public and academic, both in Taiwan and Japan, to discuss and explore how to deal with the phenomenon of ＂growth retardation＂. The 18-year-old citizen group is expected to exercise their right to vote (suffrage) by law after our government completed the amendments on the ＂Civic Voting Law＂. The phenomena of ＂growth retardation＂ among young people today was demonstrated by the group's certain behaviors, such as passively waiting for other people's instructions and lacking independent thinking. How can a school assist young people to regain their independent thinking skills through political education? This study explores how to cultivate the young people's confidence of making decisions, ability to make objective judgement, interest in participating national public or political affairs via educational activities in the school.