This topic is discussed from the following points :First, Su Shi's pastoral poetry creation and political identity : This issue involves Su Shi's political position and his political actions. The external historical background of this group of poems is Su Shi experienced Wu Tai Poem Case in Yuanfeng two years. His political identity is a criminal who is being punished in the distant Huangzhou. The creation of this period is completely different from the early aggressive poetry. The pastoral poetry of this period has its particularity. Su Shi also had an pastoral poetry before this period. For example, 'Mountain Village: Five Poems" , "Lament of the Farm-Wife of Wu",etc. related to A. Both poems were written during the Xining years. However, the creative mentality of "Mountain Village: Five Poems" and "Lament of the Farm-Wife of Wu" is very different from the connotation of poetry. Second, The importance issues of pastoral poetry : Poetry creation is an important spiritual carrier of Su Shi . The theme of pastoral poetry, compared with other themes, can be used as a display of his soul in the creation opportunity and history. He relies on pastoral poetry to cherish his soul, and also thinks about the problem of existentialism in nature, that is obviously different from other genres.Third, the interaction between nature and humanities : Su Shi's pastoral poetry is not a creation under leisure. Unlike the envy of the pastoral, Su Shi is creating poetry in his arduous environment. Nature is the basis of his survival, and among them,Su Shi has his different understanding than the general. The above is the main point of this paper, and it is also the framework for trying to interpret.