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2014年亞運女子自由車培訓選手訓練衝量與負荷
Training impulse and load in female cyclists during preparation for 2014 Asian Games
摘要
目的：以監控心跳率為主的訓練衝量，是監控各種運動項目訓練量與強度的指標之一。本研究使用訓練衝量探討2014 年亞運女子自由車培訓選手在賽前公路訓練的負荷，並與國際競賽比較，以做為我國選手訓練之參考。方法：以五名女子自由車選手為對象，分析賽前13 週的公路訓練記錄，根據Edwards (1993) 的方法，計算訓練衝量。結果：研究期間總訓練衝量為22265±9848，以第四心率區間(80-90%最大心跳)衝量最高，為8599±4456，其次為第五心率區間(90-100%最大心跳)，為5129±3887，但在各強度區間的訓練時間有很大的個人差異，成績最優秀的二名受試者在第五心率區間的訓練時間最少。其中二名受試者在一場登山賽中，超過三分之二的時間心率位於第五區間。結論：與國際公路賽強度相比較，本次培訓期間在中強度的訓練時間尚屬足夠，但第五心率區間的訓練時間偏低，尤其是體能較佳的兩位選手；這段期間的訓練強度無法應付登山賽的強度需求，頂尖選手需要更個人化的訓練課表，並以訓練衝量為監控指標，以達到足夠的訓練負荷。
並列摘要
Purpose: Success in international competitions requires monitoring the training load and intensity to increase training efficiency. Training impulse, calculated from heart rate, is one of the parameters commonly used to monitor training load and intensity in various sports. The purpose of this study was to investigate the training impulse in female cyclists during a 13-week period preparing for 2014 Asian Games. Design and Method: The training data were collected from 5 female cyclists. The training impulse of each heart rate zone was calculated according to Edwards (1993). Results: Total training impulse was 22265±9848. The highest impulse was 8599±4456 in the fourth zone (80-90% maximal heart rate). The second highest impulse was in the fifth zone (90-100% maximal heart rate) at 5129±3887. The two best cyclists spent the least amount of training time in heart rate zone 5. In a road race in a mountainous area, the two subjects spent more than two thirds of the time in heart rate zone 5. Conclusion: Compared to the heart rate data from international road races, the training load in moderate intensity appeared to be sufficient for these cyclists during the study period. However, the time spent in heart rate zone 5 may be inadequate, especially for the 2 better athletes. The training intensity was insufficient for mountain races. This study suggested that elite cyclists may require more individualized training protocol to reach sufficient training intensity. Training impulse can serve as a useful parameter to monitor the training process.