- 期刊
送王船文化對城市與海洋的可持續影響：以金門縣為例
Sustainable Impact of the "Sending Off the King Boat" Ceremony on Cities and Oceans: The Case of Kinmen County
摘要
送王船是閩台各地民間信仰的一種，存在悠久的歷史，被列為非物質遺產。反觀金門在263座宮廟中，67座為王爺廟，排名首位，占全島四分之一（25.47%）。本文除蒐集相關文獻，並輔以深度訪談與貝瑞岱比較教育研究法，嘗試解決：1.金門王爺與其他縣市比較；2.金門送王船聚落與特殊性；3.送王船對金門地區產生的影響。首先，王爺信仰與其他縣市比較：數量比較位在第八位（67座）、人口比例排在第六位（8,572人1座）。次則，送王船聚落與特殊性，計有19處聚落送王船習俗，且有三大特殊性：1.相較台灣、澎湖，金門較為「消極」：不得拍攝；2.多樣貌的水神祭拜：（1）寄水府、（2）海中動物要投胎、（3）庇海護土海將軍、（4）拜池；3.小金門烈嶼鄉相較大金門海醮聚落居多：占63.15%。最後，對金門地區產生的影響？（1）不容易消失的傳統習俗：4分之1的聚落在推動；（2）金門縣政府經費補助與支持：后湖海醮；（3）2023年地區海醮的變化：孝男意願低、觀念較開放、老齡化嚴重、受到政府補助的牽制、傳承的危機。
並列摘要
The "Sending off the King Boat" ceremony is a type of folk belief prevalent across Fujian province and Taiwan and has a long history. It is recognized as an intangible cultural heritage. In Kinmen, of 263 temples, 67 are dedicated to Wang Ye, ranking first and accounting for 25.47% of the island's temples. In addition to gathering relevant literature, this study employs in-depth interviews and Bereday's comparative method in education to address the following issues: provide comparisons of Wang Ye temples in Kinmen with those in other counties and cities; identify the location and unique qualities of the "Sending off the King boat" ceremony in Kinmen; and discuss the impact of the "Sending off the King Boat" ceremony on the Kinmen region.19 settlements practice this custom, with three distinct characteristics: they are more "passive" compared to the ceremonies in Taiwan and Penghu, with photography being prohibited; they feature worship of diverse water deities such as sending to Shuifu, sea animals seeking rebirth, worshipping the Sea General for the protection of the land and sea, and worshipping near bodies of water; and more settlements (63.15%) practice the jiao (醮) offering ritual in Liehyu, Lesser Kinmen than in Greater Kinmen. Finally, regarding the impact of the ceremony on the Kinmen region, the study finds that traditional customs are not easily lost, with one-fourth of settlements promoting them; financial support and backing from the Kinmen County government is provided for the jiao offering ritual in Houhu, Kinmen; and changes are noted in the regional jiao offering ritual in 2023, such as low commitment to filial piety, more open-mindedness, serious aging issues, constraints due to government subsidies, and the crisis of inheriting traditions.