- 期刊
父母教养方式与学前儿童自信心的关系：亲子依恋中介效应
The Relationship between Parenting Style and Self-Confidence of Preschool Children: The Mediation Role of Parent-Child Attachment
摘要
自信心是儿童健康发展的重要组成部分，而家庭是儿童成长的摇篮，也是其活动的主要场所。因此，家庭所给予的影响无疑是极为重要的，具体分析这些家庭因素，有助于人们更好的探究影响儿童自信心的根源，并以此获得有效的教育措施和干预手段。本研究以3-6岁学前儿童为研究对象，采用学前儿童自信心、父母教养方式以及亲子依恋量表，通过统计比较分析得出学前儿童自信心、父母教养方式和亲子依恋的总体现况，在人口统计变项上的差异，以及三者之间的相关关系和亲子依恋的中介效应。结果表明：参与调查的238名学前儿童中，采用开明权威型的父母教养方式最多，各维度依恋水平皆较低，自信心水平较高。学前儿童自信心、父母教养方式和亲子依恋在如不同园所、年级以及性别等人口统计学变量上存在一定维度上的显著差异。整体来看，学前儿童自信心、父母教养方式和亲子依恋之间存在显著的相关关系，亲子依恋在父母教养方式和学前儿童自信心之间存在中介效应。因此，研究者提出家长应当重视父母教养方式以及亲子依恋关系，早发现问题，早进行改善，促进学前儿童自信心健康发展。
並列摘要
Self-confidence is an important part of children's healthy development, and the family is the cradle of children's growth and the main place of their activities. Therefore, the influence given by the family is undoubtedly extremely important. Concrete analysis of these family factors helps people to better investigate the root causes affecting children's self-confidence and use them to obtain effective educational measures and interventions. In this study, the parenting style, parent-child attachment and self-confidence scales were used to determine the overall status of parenting style, parent-child attachment and self-confidence, the differences in demographic variables, and the correlations and mediating effects of parent-child attachment among preschool children aged 3-6. The results showed that the 238 preschoolers who participated in the survey had the most enlightened authoritative parenting style, lower levels of attachment in all dimensions, and higher levels of self-confidence. There were some significant differences in parenting style, parent-child attachment, and self-confidence across demographic variables such as school, grade, and gender. Overall, there was a significant correlation between parenting style, parent-child attachment, and self-confidence in preschool children, and parent-child attachment mediated the relationship between parenting style and self-confidence in preschool children. Therefore, the researchers suggest that parents should pay attention to parenting styles and parent-child attachment relationships, identify problems early, and make improvements early to promote the healthy development of preschool children's self-confidence.